Materials Literature
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Abstract The production of porous polymeric particles is attractive for a large number of applications and can be achieved by various techniques. Although numerous production schemes exist for glassy polymers, difficulties arise for soft, rubbery materials that need a chemical crosslinking step, such as elastomers. Th…
Abstract Polyelectrolyte complex based on chitosan and acrylic acid monomer by photoinitiated free‐radical polymerization in the absence of crosslinker showed a large transition in swelling in response to changes in pH of surrounding medium. Their ability to swell arises from polyelectrolyte interactions and molecular…
The novel silver(I) coordination polymer with 2,5-bis(4‘,5‘-bis(methylthio)-1‘,3‘-dithiol-2‘ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene (TTM-TTP), [Ag(TTM-TTP)(CF3SO3)]n (1), which consists of 1-D waving chains, was synthesized and characterized. Polymer 1 can be also regarded as a 3-D supramolecular network formed via many s…
Abstract The hydration number (n) of NMMO hydrates has a significant effect on the rheological properties and phase of the cellulose solutions in the hydrates. The physical properties of the lyocell fibers spun from the cellulose solutions in NMMO hydrates with different values of n were investigated relative to the p…
The hydrogenation of 1-butene and 1,3-butadiene has been carried out over a series of dielectric-oxide-supported nickel catalysts at temperatures ranging from 60 to 120 °C and atmospheric pressure. The catalytic activity and selectivity of these systems were found to be extremely sensitive to the nature of the support…
Sucrose crystal growth from stagnant sucrose syrups in thin films was monitored by videomicroscopy at different temperatures and concentrations in order to obtain sucrose crystal growth rates as a function of sucrose total solids at four temperatures (40, 55, 70, and 82 °C). Total solids were varied from 70% to 95%, c…
Genetic algorithms (GA) were used to solve one of the multidimensional problems in computational chemistry, the optimization of force field parameters. The correlation between the composition of the GA, its parameters (p(c), p(m)) and the quality of the results were investigated. The composition was studied for all co…
We investigate shear thickening and jamming within the framework of a family of spatially homogeneous, scalar rheological models. These are based on the "soft glassy rheology" model of Sollich et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2020 (1997)], but with an effective temperature x that is a decreasing function of either the glo…
We present 17 O and 11 B NMR and quantum chemical calculations based on Hartree−Fock (HF) and density functional theory to investigate the site connectivity, the degree of chemical short-range order (CSRO), and the topological short-range order in binary borosilicate glasses, which can serve as a simple model system f…
8,19-Dimethyl-9,13,14,18-tetraethyloxybenziporphyrin coordinates palladium(II) to form the four-coordinate anionic complex [(OBP)Pd(II)](-). The NMR data provide evidence for the retention of macrocyclic aromaticity and coordination via a carbon sigma-donor. Protonation of the external oxygen atom to give [(HOBP)Pd(II…
Abstract For some polymers such as PTFE, the crystallization is so rapid that it is difficult to observe isothermal crystallization by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In this investigation, first, isothermal crystallization kinetics of PTFE was followed by DSC and the results were analyzed by the Avrami metho…
Li 2 PbGeS 4 and Li 2 EuGeS 4 form by dissolving Pb/Eu and Ge in molten Li 2 S 9 at 600−650 °C. They crystallize in the tetragonal, noncentrosymmetric space group I-42m with a = 6.5224(5) Å, c = 7.7603(8) Å, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0253, and wR2 = 0.0646 for Li 2 PbGeS 4 and a = 6.5447(4) Å, c = 7.6960(6) Å, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0224,…
Abstract Soybean oil monoglycerides (SOMG), obtained by the glycerolysis of soybean oil, were reacted with maleic anhydride to produce SOMG maleate half esters. The copolymers of the SOMG maleates with styrene produced rigid thermosetting polymers. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of this polymer showed a glass‐t…
An unresolved issue in the theory of liquid crystals is the molecular basis of the electroclinic effect in the smectic-A phase. Recent x-ray scattering experiments suggest that, in a class of siloxane-containing liquid crystals, an electric field changes a state of disordered molecular tilt in random directions into a…
Selected poly(urethane urea) block copolymers were prepared under different conditions and their microphase-separated morphologies analyzed primarily with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Preparation conditions were varied by adjusting the temperature and vacuum pressure during solution casting. Copolymers with re…
In Part 2 of this work, the electronic and local structure of the photoinduced metastable magnetic state of the Prussian blue analogue Rb1.8Co4[Fe(CN)6]3.3-13H2O were characterized. To determine directly the relative orientation of the magnetic moments of Co(II) and Fe(III) ions in the metastable state, and the nature…
We use linear rheology and multispeckle dynamic light scattering (MDLS) to investigate the aging of a gel composed of multilamellar vesicles. Light scattering data indicate rearrangement of the gel through an unusual ultraslow ballistic motion. A dramatic slowdown of the dynamics with sample age t(w) is observed for b…
Abstract Blend films of gelatin and polyacrylamide (PAAm) were prepared by casting the mixed aqueous solutions of both samples in different ratios. All blend films obtained are optically clear to the naked eye. The structure and physical properties of the films were studied by FT‐infrared (FTIR), wide‐angle X‐ray diff…
In this paper, a review on dielectric mixtures and the importance of the numerical simulations of dielectric mixtures are presented. It stresses on the interfacial polarization observed in mixtures. It is shown that this polarization can yield different dielectric responses depending on the properties of the constitue…
Several research groups have recently reported {\em ab initio} calculations of the melting properties of metals based on density functional theory, but there have been unexpectedly large disagreements between results obtained by different approaches. We analyze the relations between the two main approaches, based on c…