Materials Literature
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Abstract Solid‐state extrusion of crystalline polymers is a well‐known technique to produce monoaxial orientation in filaments and films. This is essentially achieved by extruding or drawing the polymer through a convergent die at temperatures below its melting point. Biaxial orientation in die drawing processes has b…
The series of liquid crystals in which the rigid part is constituted by heteroaromatic cation (thiopyrylium, 1- 2 -dithiolium) have been synthesized. The nature of the mesophases depends on the number of flexible substituants grafted on the cationic units. Lamellar (SA) mesophases are obtained with two or three chains…
The texturalcentric model of non-attribute-based visual and tactile response to textural fabric surfaces was used to elicit definitive qualities or dimensions of textural fabric surfaces. Multidimensional scaling analysis permitted subjects to provide numeric judgements of fabrics rather than using words with individu…
Abstract Based upon the synthesis of 3,4,5-tris(alkylthio)-1,2-dithiolium cation salts, we have realized new Langmuir–Blodgett films. They present either a centrosymmetrical or noncentrosymmetrical bilayer organization depending on the involved molecular association with iodine, tetracyanoquinodimethane or some other…
Fuel, in the form of hydrogen isotopes Q2 (where Q is H, D, or T), is required to be stored and assayed in a safe manner at the proposed International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). Two subsystems are proposed for this task: Fuel Storage (FS) and Fuel Management (FM). The combined system, Fuel Storage and…
Abstract The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique has been used to characterize metallophthalocyanine sheet polymers having peripheral carboxyl groups. A comparative analysis of the XPS and electrical conductivity data of metal‐free, and nickel‐ and copper‐containing, phthalocyanine sheet polymers has been…
The conditions under which low viscosity melts drain between refractory particles in a mixture of Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, and SiO{sub 2} were examined. Samples containing varying mass fractions of premelted alkali carbonate mix (Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} and Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}) and silica were heat-treated at…
Abstract The partial electronic conductivity of Ag +- ß"-alumina was determined in the temperature range 180-200 °C, using Wagner's asymmetric galvanic polarization cell Ag| Ag + -ß"-alumina | Pt. The electron conductivity is 4.5 x 10 - 8 Ω -1 cm -1 , while the hole conductivity is about seven orders of magnitude lowe…
The barrier properties of ZrO2 to inward migration of deuterium have been investigated with a view to understanding the hydriding mechanisms of a Zr-2.5% Nb alloy used in CANDU nuclear reactors fuel channels. Thin film oxide specimens, grown in steam to ∼1 μm thickness, have been heated to 350 °C and exposed to deuter…
We have measured the changes in shear modulus and internal friction in ${\mathrm{TaS}}_{3}$ when the charge-density wave (CDW) becomes depinned, as a function of uniaxial strain (\ensuremath{\epsilon}), and compared the results with the strain dependence of transport properties. For strains above a critical strain ${\…
Since our first two publications1,2 pointing out the possible close interrelationship between high temperature superconductivity and an incipient or relaxor-like ferroelectricity, there have been numerous additional reports which support such an interrelationship. It is the purpose of this paper to collect and review…
Abstract Polyimides were prepared from the reaction of two aromatic dianhydrides with two diamines containing carbonyl and ether connecting groups between the aromatic rings. The diamines were prepared from the reaction of 4‐aminophenol or (3‐aminophenol) with an activated aromatic difluoro compound (4,4′‐difluorobenz…
A smectic A phase was observed for a number of alkylammonium naphthalene-1- and 2-sulfonates. The former series needs undecyl or longer alkyl groups to be mesogenic and the latter needs heptyl or longer ones. The clearing point is generally raised ascending the homologous series, but it is found within a rather narrow…
An expression for the probability of energy loss of electrons travelling at relativistic speeds parallel to the axis of an infinite cylindrical interface is obtained by solving Maxwell's eauations to find the electric field acting on the electron. This expression is evaluated for the case of an electron travelling thr…
The dynamical behavior of sodium nitrite in the vicinity of the paraelectric-incommensurate phase transition has been reinvestigated by means of the high-resolution neutron spin-echo technique, in particular, in the modulated phase. It is shown that the results obtained in the incommensurate phase are consistent with…
A nemato-hydrodynamic theory of shear thinning in solutions of lyotropic nematic-liquid-crystal polymers (LCP's) consisting of semiflexible polymer molecules is developed. It is based on an effective two-media theory assuming a percolative flow of solvent through globularly shaped polymer arrays, which are supposed to…
Abstract Adsorption of a strongly bound absorbate in a bidisperse‐pore system is modeled using a Turner pore structure. This idealized system leads to an analytical solution for the micropore uptake of adsorption that is valid for a part of the adsorption‐time profile. The analytical solution yields a well‐defined cri…
The vibrational spectra of crystalline MSO4 where M=Ba, Sr, and Pb are reinterpreted in terms of a vibrational unit cell (Imma) which is one-half the size of the crystallographic (Pnma) unit cell.
The oxygen potentials and lattice parameter of oxide fuels (UO2 and UO2-2 w/0Gd2O3) irradiated in commercial BWRs have been measured by using a solid electrolyte galvanic cell technique and X-ray diffractometry. The fuel burn-up was 13–30 GWd/t for the former measurements and 6–35 GWd/t for the latter. The oxygen pote…
Postulated long-term loss of coolant accidents (LOCA) for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) may involve the ingress of air or steam into the plasma chamber. Reactions of these gases with the hot plasma facing components will cause oxidation, transport, and release of activated species. To pre…