Materials Literature
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beta-Propellers are toroidal folds, in which repeated, four-stranded beta-meanders are arranged in a circular and slightly tilted fashion, like the blades of a propeller. They are found in all domains of life, with a strong preponderance among eukaryotes. Propellers show considerable sequence diversity and are classif…
In this Highlight article we conduct a critical evaluation of recent advances in the use of carbon nanotubes (CNT) for photocurrent generation. In particular, two strategies have been described. On one hand, CNT serve as photoactive material in photovoltaic devices. Alternatively, CNT are implemented as semitransparen…
A series of Al doped ZnO (ZnO : Al) films with different Al concentrations have been deposited on glass substrates using the sol–gel spin coating technique and the effect of Al concentrations on the structural, electrical, optical and photoresponse properties have been investigated. The XRD results show the presence o…
We study how the two-point density correlation properties of a point particle distribution are modified when each particle is divided, by a stochastic process, into an equal number of identical "daughter" particles. We consider generically that there may be non-trivial correlations in the displacement fields describin…
It has been shown experimentally a long time ago that the magnetic ordering causes an anomalous behavior of the electron resistivity in ferromagnetic crystals. Phenomenological explanations based on the interaction between itinerant electron spins and lattice spins have been suggested to explain these observations. We…
In electron irradiated Ge$_{0.98}$Si$_{0.02}$, In-vacancy and In-interstitial complexes were observed in analogy with defects in pure Ge. Isochronal annealing measurements reveal that the temperature of dissociation of In-defect complexes deviate from pure Ge subjected to identical e-irradiation, which is explained on…
Mechanical properties of zirconia polycrystals decrease drastically at high temperature due to thermally activated grain boundary (GB) sliding, leading to plastic or even super-plastic deformation. As GB sliding is a source of energy dissipation in the material, mechanical loss measurements are well suited to study su…
Accurate calculations of electrostatic potentials and treatment of substrate polarizability are critical for predicting the permeation of ions inside water-filled nanopores. The {\it ab initio} molecular dynamics method (AIMD), based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), accounts for the polarizability of materials, wat…
To clarify whether or not (Ga,Cr)As is an intrinsic diluted magnetic semiconductor, a systematic study of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) was carried out for a series of (Ga,Cr)As epilayers grown by the low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy technique. The present work provides unambiguous evidence for the intri…
The effect of dipolar interactions among cylindrical nanodots, with a vortex-core magnetic configuration, is analyzed by means of analytical calculations. The cylinders are placed in a N x N square array in two configurations - core oriented parallel to each other and with antiparallel alignment between nearest neighb…
A new mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach is developed. The approach is based on the thermodynamic identity associated the first and second law of thermodynamics. In the framework of the approach different internal dissipative channels of energy are taken in account in an explicit form, namely, the therm…
A series of Fe2YSi (Y = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) alloys were synthesized and their electronic and magnetic properties were studied both theoretically and experimentally. In particular, a novel Heusler alloy Fe2CrSi single phase was synthesized by means of the melt-spinning method. First principles FLAPW calculations were p…
We report a multilayer solution-processed blue light-emitting diode based on colloidal core/shell CdS/ZnS nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). At a low-operating voltage of 5.5 V, the device emits spectrally pure blue radiation at 460 nm with a narrow full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth of 20 nm and high brightness up to…
ZnO is attracting considerable attention for its possible application to light-emitting sources due to its advantages over GaN. We review the recent progress in the growth of ZnO epitaxial films, doping control, device fabrication processes including etching and ohmic contact formation, and finally the prospects for f…
The fluorescence and motional dynamics of single diamond nanocrystals in buffer solution and in living cells is investigated. Stable hydrosols of nanodiamonds in buffer solutions are investigated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Measurement of the effective hydrodynamic radius yields particles of 48 nm diamet…
Electronic structure calculations are presented for ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{S}$ using the full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method. In the simple cubic antifluorite structure, ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}\mathrm{S}$ is found to be semimetallic both in the local density approximation (LDA) and using t…
A simple optical method is presented for identifying and measuring the effective optical properties of nanometer-thick, graphene-based materials, based on the use of substrates consisting of a thin dielectric layer on silicon. High contrast between the graphene-based materials and the substrate is obtained by choosing…
This feature article highlights the recent developments in the field of squaraine chemistry. Attempts have been made to address the relevance of squaraine dyes as a class of functional organic materials useful for electronic and photonic applications. Due to the synthetic access of a variety of squaraine dyes with str…
The machining performance of porous NiTi shape memory alloys prepared using powder metallurgical production technique has been investigated experimentally in the grinding operation. Grinding force ratio, specific grinding energy, surface characteristics were detected. The result reveals that, much difference of grindi…
The mixing required for post-mould gelatinisation of syntactic foams using starch as binder was studied. It was found that starch particles tend to adhere to hollow microspheres during mixing, forming agglomerates. A transition in the buoyancy of microsphere-starch phases was found at a particular volume fraction of s…