Materials Literature
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Photo acoustic drug delivery is a technique for localized drug delivery by laser-induced hydrodynamic pressure following cavitation bubble expansion and collapse. Photoacoustic drug delivery was investigated on gelatin-based thrombus models with planar and cylindrical geometries by use of one microsecond laser pulses.…
Polyaniline–dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PAn–DBSA) complex was thermally treated and its conductivity and structure change were investigated. The conductivity increased linearly from 1.1 × 10−4 to 3.0 × 10−1 S/cm on thermal heating until 140°C, but decayed above 200°C. The increase was caused by an additional thermal…
Based on the formula of Na 3 + 3 x − y R 1 − x P y Si 3 − y O 9 , Na 5 YSi 4 O 12 ‐type glass‐ceramic Na + ‐fast ionic conductors were successfully produced for a variety of rare‐earth ions, R, under the appropriate composition parameters. The possible combinations of x and y became more limited for the crystallizatio…
The release mechanisms of a small molecular drug from biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) cylindrical matrices were investigated. Isoniazid (INH), one of the most effective drugs against tuberculosis (TB), was selected as the model drug. Controlled-release matrices consisting of the drug and polymer we…
Hydrogen-bonded molecular solid ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$S has been studied up to 42 GPa to search for a high-pressure phase by x-ray diffraction at room temperature. New diffraction peaks appeared above 27 GPa, which indicates a transition from phase IV to another phase, phase V. A color change from a thin yellow to black w…
We study electromagnetic wave interactions in periodic chiral media through an examination of the band-gap structure derived from a coupled-mode solution. For oblique incidence the singly periodic chiral medium possesses three separate fundamental Bragg conditions, which lead to a richer band-gap structure than that o…
A status report is given on high-dielectric (usually ferroelectric) thin-films of fine-grained ceramics utilized for ferroelectric memories, including active memory elements in nonvolatile random access memories (NV-RAMs), passive capacitors in dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), and ferroelectric gates in ferroel…
The plasma produced during pulsed laser deposition of manganate films has been probed using optical emission spectroscopy. The studies have been carried out using Mn, Mn2O3, and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) as target materials in the presence of two different oxidizing gases: nitrous oxide (N2O) and oxygen (O2). Emission f…
A single gas bubble, acoustically levitated in a standing-wave field and oscillating under the action of that field, can emit pulses of blue-white light with duration less than 50 ps. Measurements of the spectrum of this picosecond sonoluminescence with a scanning monochrometer are reported for air bubbles levitated i…
Excitonic luminescence from high-quality ZnS epitaxial layers has been studied under high-density excitation. The first experimental evidence for biexciton formation in ZnS was obtained. The binding energy of the biexciton was estimated to be 9 meV, which was the largest value among II–VI compound semiconductors with…
Slow recovery processes of the electronic environment following the electron-capture decay of $^{111}\mathrm{In}$ can reduce the amplitude of the perturbed \ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}-angular correlation of a nuclear decay. This effect was used to quantitatively extract recovery rates of an electrically sta…
Various kinds of long-circulating liposome, such as ganglioside GM1-, polyethyleneglycol- (PEG-), and glucuronide-modified liposomes, have been developed for passive targeting of liposomal drugs to tumours. To evaluate the in vivo behaviour of such long-circulating liposomes, we investigated the liposomal trafficking,…
Using reflectance-difference spectroscopy, we determine surface-induced optical anisotropy (SIOA) spectra of clean, hydrogenated, and oxidized (113) and vicinal (001) Si surfaces to obtain a better understanding of the origin of the optical response of surfaces and interfaces. Hydrogenation was performed either by etc…
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides that can change physicochemical properties of drugs by forming inclusion complexes with them. These changes may enhance the therapeutic potential of drugs by diminishing their decomposition before they enter tissues and by altering how they enter tissue. Carboplatin is an anti…
The results of acidimetric titration, infrared spectroscopy and 31P-NMR show that dialkylmonothiophosphinic acid, dialkylphosphinic acid and other phosphorus compounds form when Cyanex 301™ is damaged by Y-irradiation. H2SO4 appears after a dose of l×l06Gy. The radiolytic stability of Cyanex 301 improves after purific…
A DC component contained in an output of a voltage source self-commutated converter causes a converter transformer to be DC-magnetized, in the worst case causing an overcurrent due to saturation. We experienced the DC-magnetization of the converter transformer of a 50 MVA self-commutated SVC installed in the Shinshina…
Factors which affect photoelectron peak positions on heterogeneous samples are evaluated using patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) on glass. Local sample environment, sample mounting and spatial variation in x-ray flux are all shown to contribute to differential charging effects if no charge neutralization is used. X-ray…
Hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTLCs), which are also called anionic clay minerals or Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs), can be formulated by M(II)1−xM(III)X(OH)2(An−)X/nyH2O. This chemical, which has anoin exchange capacity, could be an alternative chemical for phosphorus removal. The phosphate uptake by HTLcs containin…
The effectiveness of the tartaric acid degumming process for silk has been evaluated as a function of temperature, time and acid concentration in the degumming bath. The degummed samples were characterised as regards physico‐mechanical properties (tenacity, elongation at break, modulus of elasticity) and intrinsic vis…
Material properties of composites produced from recycled plastics and recycled wood fiber were compared. A blend of high-density polyethylene and polystyrene was used as a simulated mixed plastic. Stiffness was generally improved by the addition of fiber, as expected, but brittleness also increased. Pretreatment of th…