Materials Literature
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The highly accurate core level binding energies measured by Fermi-level Referenced ESCA (FRESCA) have been compared with those of Auger Electron APS (AEAPS) and XPS. The FRESCA and AEAPS measurements directly measured energies with respect to the Fermi-level and are not subject to the instrumental uncertainties charac…
Abstract The glass transition temperatures for a series of high-1,4 linear and star-branched polyisoprenes have been measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The Fox-Flory relation for the linear polyisoprenes was found to be T g =T g ∞ −1.76×10 4 M n −1 . The influence of hydroxyl groups on T g was also examine…
Equations of motion of the Landau-Lifshitz type are used together with the free-energy expression of an earlier publication [D. L. Fox et al., Phys. Rev. B 21, 2926 (1980)] to derive expressions for dynamic phenomena in the low-temperature phase of BaMn${\mathrm{F}}_{4}$. The magnon frequency decreases and the optical…
The crystal structures of (NH 4 ) 2 ZnCl 4 at 418 K (Phase I), 333 K (Phase II) and 298 K (Phase III, antiferroelectric) were determined from X-ray diffraction data, and were compared with that at 223 K (Phase IV, ferroelectric). The space groups and final discrepancy factors are P m c n and 0.052 at 418 K, P c 2 1 n…
A thin, amorphous LiAlF4 film, with lithium ion conductivity of 1×10−4 S/m at 25 °C, has been prepared by vacuum evaporation. Utilizing this thin film as a solid electrolyte, an ITO/WO3/LiAlF4/LiIn overlayer has been constructed (ITO: indium-tin-oxide). For it, the electrochromism of WO3 due to lithium ion injection w…
ABSTRACT Rhoicosphenia Grun. has been placed by some authors in the monoraphid group with Achnanthes Bory and Cocconeis Ehrenb., and by others near Gomphonema Ehrenb. In order to clarify the systematic position of the genus, the morphology and anatomy of the vegetative cells of Rh. curvata (Kütz.) Grun. were investiga…
The effect of the strong Hund coupling on the magnetic property of the ground stateis studied based on the double exchange model. For one dimensional chains the ground state is proved to have the maximum total spin. The effect of the Pauli principle is shown to destroy the ferromagnetic ground state by numerical studi…
We have enlarged the theory of ferromagnetic domain wall pinning by defects to include large as well as small deviations of the magnetic anisotropy, magnetization, and/or magnetic exchange energy of the defect, from the host material for all values of the defect width. In particular, we obtain results for the coercive…
Discusses the singularities and approximations that occur in the charge-density method of solving electrostatic problems in which space-charge is absent (Laplace's equation) or present (Poisson's equation). Describes the application of the method to electrostatic lenses in general and to the particular case of a high-…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum atom-ethylene and aluminum atom-acetylene complexes: matrix isolation electron spin resonance studyPaul H. KasaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 5, 1165–1172Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
Electromigration in thin films has been identified as one of the primary failure mechanisms limiting the reliability of film interconnections. Most of the electromigration testing has been carried out with Al and Al-alloy film conductors as they happen to be most widely used on integrated circuits. A general expressio…
We use a rigorous formalism for lossy lamellar gratings to establish the validity of the quasistatic approximation for this structure in the limit as its period d becomes much finer than the wavelength u of incident light. In the quasistatic limit, the grating behaves like a uniaxial film in its interaction light, its…
Abstract The chemistry and energetics of the Criegee intermediate, a primary product of the ozonolysis of alkenes, are discussed in terms of recent ab ‐ initio calculations and laboratory studies. The experimental observations in O 3 –alkene systems can be rationalized on the basis of a general mechanism: magnified im…
The magnetic properties of amorphous ${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}$ alloys were studied by means of magnetization measurements and the $^{57}\mathrm{Fe}$ M\"ossbauer effect. It was found that the apparent decrease with $x$ of the Fe moment derived from magnetization measurements is due to deviatio…
The setting reaction of six dental materials has been studied by using a water dilatometer at 25 degrees and 37 degrees C. Where there is no water absorption during the test, the method gives reproducible values of the setting shrinkage and at the same time shows a clear physical picture of the entire setting process.…
It is shown that copies of seven elementary cells suffice to fill any region of Euclidean three-dimensional space. The seven elementary cells have four basic convex polyhedral shapes and three of them appear in two different sizes. The space filling is non-periodic, has a central point, and preserves the full icosahed…
The formation of water from atomic oxygen and atomic hydrogen coadsorbed on the Pt(111) surface has been characterized by x-ray photoemission (XPS) and temperature programmed reaction (TPR). These studies were performed between 100 and 155 K, which is below the desorption temperature for adsorbed water on the Pt(111)…
Abstract In the grafting of acrylic acid onto polyethylene by preirradiation method, the irradiation in air gave a higher rate of grafting than in N 2 , since the diffusion rate of monomer is larger for less crosslinked polyethylene. The rate of grafting decreased with increasing time of storaging polyethylene because…
The use of liposomes has recently been the subject of considerable attention as a promising and versatile approach to drug delivery. Particularly intriguing is the possibility of targeting liposomes to specific areas of the body such as tumors or sites of inflammation or parasitic invasion for either local accumulatio…
Abstract The mineralogy, petrology and trace element geochemistry of volcanogenic glauconites and smectite-rich clays are described and related to clay assemblages in Lower and Upper Cretaceous sediments of southern England and Northern Ireland. Volcanogenic glauconite grains represent argillized lava particles of pre…