Materials Literature
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The use of severe plastic deformation techniques such as equal channel angular pressing, has been shown to refine metal microstructures giving advantageous mechanical properties. Metals and alloys subjected to ECAP procedures can have very high yield strengths while maintaining substantial ductility, a unique and attr…
The materials selection and materials development for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is driven by the operating conditions and the type of application. Therefore several different types of SOFCs are currently under development and can be classified according to different operating temperature regimes, the unit size ra…
Aluminum borate nanowires uniformly coated with boron nitride sheaths (see Figure) have been synthesized via a vapor–solid reaction process from alumina and B–N–O precursors. The nanocables have a length of 2∼3 μm, a diameter of 50∼150 nm, and the suggested formation mechanism involves the simultaneous growth and coat…
Radio-frequency sputtering was used to deposit near-stoichiometric Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5O7 (BZN) films. Composition, crystallinity, and phase purity of the films were investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction detected cubic pyroch…
A new ternary system (1- x )BiScO 3 – x {(1- y )PbTiO 3 – y (Ba 0.294 Sr 0.706 )TiO 3 } was studied in relation to morphotropic phase boundaries (MPB). Analogous to modified PZT ceramics, barium and strontium were introduced to the recently developed MPB (1- x )BiScO 3 – x PbTiO 3 for x >0.60, in order to investigate…
The reaction of [Cr(NCCH(3))(6)](2+) with dioxygen in acetonitrile (MeCN) solution acidified with HBF(4) gave red crystals of the binuclear complex [(CH(3)CN)(5)Cr(OH)Cr(NCCH(3))(5)](BF(4))(5) (1). From the X-ray crystal structure of 1, the Cr-O-Cr angle was found to be 147.5(2) degrees. Magnetic susceptibility measur…
The widespread use of vacuum techniques for the development of coated conductors, in which buffer and superconducting (REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- ) layers are deposited epitaxially on a substrate, is well established in the research environment. However, obtaining uninterrupted deposition at high speed, increasing flexibility i…
This work investigates the thermal stability and physical and barrier properties of two species of plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited (PECVD) amorphous silicon–nitrocarbide (α-SiCN:H) films with different hydrogen contents and dielectric constants of less than 5. It is found that the α-SiCN:H film with a higher…
\n\t\t\t\t\tA thermomechanical processing (TMP) structure map is proposed that plots the critical strains required for dynamic recrystallization along with the grain sizes that result. These maps are useful in identifying the limits to grain refinement and designing hot working processes. They are re…
A new method is proposed to drive a liquid crystal lens with no defects occurring. A voltage difference remains between the two ends of one of the lens' electrodes for a short time and an in-plane electric field forms in the liquid crystal, making the total field tilt to one side. The directors then rotate in the same…
One‐step electrodeposition of pyrrole on octadecyltrichlorosilane‐ (OTS) patterned silicon wafers results in positively patterned polypyrrole (PPy) structures, i.e., PPy deposits on the OTS‐covered area. In contrast, negative patterns are obtained on an indium tin oxide surface. The Figure shows electrically isolated…
A versatile approach to the preparation of hyperbranched polymers , in which an inimer is used to assemble a charge transfer complex (CTC) with conventional vinyl monomers, is reported. A novel hyperbranched fluoropolymer (see Figure) has been successfully synthesized through the copolymerization of chlorotrifluoroeth…
Following the breakthrough for cast magnesium products, interest is now spreading to wrought applications - triggering a variety of technological questions. A major bottleneck in the manufacture of magnesium sections (profiles) by conventional hot extrusion is the low productivity, with extrusion speeds typically five…
Solution thermodynamics and mutual diffusivity of the system carbon dioxide−molten poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) have been investigated experimentally in the temperature range 70−85 °C and at pressures up to 6.5 MPa. Sorption data have been interpreted on the basis of Sanchez−Lacombe lattice theory. Sanchez−Lacombe param…
Ferroelectric (Bi,R) 4 Ti 3 O 12 [R: rare earth] thin films were synthesized by the chemical solution deposition (CSD) method. Heat treatment above 600°C was required for the fabrication of crystalline (Bi,R) 4 Ti 3 O 12 thin films of Bi-layered perovskite structure on Pt/TiO x /SiO 2 /Si substrates. The orientation o…
SrBi 4- x La x Ti 4 O 15 and Sr 2 Bi 4- x La x Ti 5 O 18 ceramic samples with different lanthanum content, in which x is 0.00, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, have been prepared by the solid-state reaction method. It is found that La doping does not change the crystal structures of SrBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 and Sr 2 Bi 4 Ti 5 O…
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A new beta titanium alloy group which exhibits multi functions, such as, ultra-low elastic modulus, ultra-high strength, huge elasticity, clayey plasticity at room temperature without work hardening, Elinvar and Invar properties, has been developed. These ''super'' properties are attributable to an arcane feature in r…
We have fabricated the Nd 3+ -doped mixed structure, Y 3 Sc x Al 5- x O 12 , polycrystals by the sintering method and studied them spectroscopically as potential laser media. Using the Judd-Ofelt theory to analyze the optical strength measured in absorption spectra, the parameters of oscillator strengths and fluoresce…
The relation between phase field and discontinuous models for crystal steps is analyzed. Different formulations of the kinetic boundary conditions of the discontinuous model are first presented. We show that (i) step transparency, usually interpreted as the possibility for adatoms to jump through steps, may be seen as…