Materials Literature
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The chemical nature of Si(100) and (111) surfaces during immersion in dilute hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution was investigated ‘‘in situ’’ and in real time using infrared absorption spectroscopy in the multiple internal reflection geometry. In dilute HF solution, the Si surface is not completely terminated with hydroge…
Adhesion of Azospirillum brasilense to glass and polystyrene was investigated by bringing the cells into contact with the support by sedimentation. Adhesion depended on time and temperature: lower adhesion densities were observed when the contact time was only 2 h or 6 h, as compared to 24 h, or when the test was perf…
This paper reports the results of a basic study of testing methods to replace the DC after laying test that is presently most frequently used as an after laying test for XLPE power cable lines. Chosen as the alternative waveforms for DC voltage were damped oscillating wave (OSW) and very-low-frequency wave (VLF) volta…
A deuterium NMR study of the pentylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystal confined to a controlled pore glass matrix with pore radii of 12, 150, and 200 nm was performed. In the 12-nm sample the nematic to isotropic transition is gradual. In the nematic phase the absorption spectrum is substantially narrowed due to translationa…
The influence of reducing sintering conditions on anisotropic grain growth in BaTiO 3 was studied above the BaTiO 3 ‐Ba 6 Ti 17 O 40 eutectic temperature. The morphology and structure of exaggeratedly grown grains was examined by X‐ray powder diffractometry, scanning electron micros‐copy, and high‐resolution transmiss…
A single‐filament microcomposite consisting of 143‐μm‐diameter CVD SiC, a thin “interfacial” coating, and a thick (130–160 μm) CVD SiC matrix sheath was tested in tension to determine the interfacial shear properties of carbon and BN interfacial coatings. Load/displacement and acoustic emission were used to determine…
Absolute optical emission cross sections have been measured for the second-positive band system of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$, C${\mathrm{}}^{3}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{\mathit{u}}$(v\ensuremath{'})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}B${\mathrm{}}^{3}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{\mathit{g}}$(v\ensuremath{''}), for v\ensuremath{'}…
The mixed cation effect in glasses affects transport properties such as diffusion and ionic conductivity. The temperature dependence of 7Li and 23Na NMR spin-lattice relaxation times, T1, have been measured in a series of trisilicate (Na2Si3O7, NaRbSi3O7, NaCsSi3O7 and NaCa0.5Si3O7) and disilicate (Li2Si2O5, LiKSi2O5…
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation and the morphology of PHA inclusion bodies were examined in Bacillus megaterium, strain 11561. Our results show a pattern of PHA degradation and synthesis, and of inclusion body growth and proliferation not previously reported. Degradation of PHA in the lag phase was followed by…
Molecular dynamics simulations and a systematic analysis of the local atomic structure have been done to investigate the microstructure of liquid and amorphous Ni. The n-body Gupta potential, based on the second moment approximation of a tight-binding Hamiltonian, was used to model the metallic bonding of the system.…
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to study the oxidation of CO with O-precovered Cu(110) in the steady state at 400 K at the atomic level. There is a strong preference for CO to react with oxygen along the p(2 × 1) oxygen rows. The reaction appears to occur initially at the outer edge of an oxygen island, c…
Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) insulations used in HV cables are not only subjected to electrical and thermal stresses, but also exposed to mechanical stresses, whether residual internal stresses created during the cooling process of the fabrication, external forces when cables are…
The chemistry of the MoOREO32− sysems (E = P, As is remarkably diverse, exhibiting influences of the Mo oxidation state, solvent, organic substituents and reaction conditions of temperature, pressure and stoichiometry. Clusters exhibiting molybdenum nuclearities of two, four, five and six are common, as are species…
Oxidation and steam reforming of on Ni/YSZ and Fe/YSZ cermet anodes were examined, primarily under the condition of . In the fuel system, steam reforming occurs on anodes, generating CO and . The steam reforming activity of on Ni/YSZ was much higher than on Fe/YSZ at open circuit. The anodic polarization curves of an…
Thin semiconducting barium titanate ceramic bars consisting of single grains joined together in series have been prepared, and the positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) characteristics of strictly single‐grain boundaries in the materials were investigated. The resistivity ( R )‐temperature ( T ) chara…
Abstract Regenerated cellulose fibers spun from straw pulp using the N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide (NMMO) process were evaluated as a reinforcement for low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Surface fibrillation was carried out by a mechanical treatment to improve interfacial adhesion. Surface fibrillation resulted in a gradua…
Strong pulsed electron emission has been observed from 12/65/35 lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ceramic composition in two different nonswitched phases at room temperature and at the temperature 100 °C. The electron emission parameters of this composition appear to be independent of phase for the two phases investig…
Abstract In‐situ FTIR studies on the conformational changes of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films with different thermal histories, i. e., quenched from the melt and sub‐ T g annealed at different temperatures, were carried out while increasing the temperature through the glass transition region. The temperature…
We present a theoretical approach for studying the deformation of grafted polymer layers in strong shear flows that calculates the deformation of grafted chains and the solvent flow profile within the layer in a mutually consistent fashion. We illustrate this approach by considering the deformation of Alexander-de Gen…
Experiments were performed on the motion of isolated drops and bubbles in a Dow-Corning silicone oil under the action of an applied temperature gradient in a reduced gravity environment aboard the NASA Space Shuttle in orbit. Images of the interior of the test cell during these experiments were recorded on cine film a…