Materials Literature
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We examine the role of multiple scattering in emission and/or diffraction spectroscopies that involve medium- and high-energy electrons. We use quantum-mechanical and classical methods to demonstrate the importance of multiple forward scattering in these techniques. Single-scattering theory produces errors because it…
We have measured the specific dislocation resistivity in copper single crystals with low densities of dislocations (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{7}$ cm of dislocations per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$) introduced by bending. The dislocation density was estimated from etch-pit counts. Most of the specimens had residual resistivity r…
The gaseous molecule EuTiO3 has been investigated in a high temperature mass spectrometric study of vapors over the europium–titanium–oxygen system. From the enthalpy of reaction: EuTiO3(g)=EuO(g)+TiO2(g) and proper ancillary data, the atomization energy of this molecule has been determined. In addition, from the stud…
We present a series of measurements of the static and time-dependent interactions in the angular correlation of $^{111}\mathrm{In}$ (electron capture to $^{111}\mathrm{Cd}$) in pure and Sn-doped ${\mathrm{In}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. Results on the static electric field gradient are consistent with mainly ionic bonds…
Raman spectra of two superionic conducting crystals, fcc ${\mathrm{Li}}_{2}$${\mathrm{SO}}_{4}$ and bcc ${\mathrm{LiAgSO}}_{4}$, have been recorded in the frequency range 300--1400 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ across the entire temperature range of stability of each compound. Comparison of polarized and…
The Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, and Hall effect have been studied in γ-phase La3−xS4 (LaSy) in the composition range 0.04≤x≤0.3 (1.35≤y≤1.48) in order to ascertain its suitability for high-temperature (300 to 1400 K) thermoelectric energy conversion. In this temperature and compo…
We have performed an angle-resolved photoemission investigation, using synchrotron radiation, of the surface electronic structure of Be(0001). At normal emission we observe a surface state in the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{3}^{+}$-${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{4}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band gap with a binding energy of 2.8…
Polarized reflection and luminescence have been measured for the single crystals of [MA 2 ][MX 2 A 2 ](ClO 4 ) 4 (M=Pt, Pd, X=Cl, Br, I and A=ethylenediamine, cyclohexanediamine). The strong absorption bands due to the charge-transfer (CT) exciton transitions between the mixed-valent metal ions have been investigated…
Values for the thermal conductivity and thermopower of graphite fibers grown by pyrolysis of natural gas are reported between 10 and 370 K. The measurements were made along the fiber axis on both as-grown fibers and fibers heat treated to 3000 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. It is shown that heat treatment impro…
Properties of rf-sputtered molybdenum oxide films for electrochromic display devices have been investigated. This report mainly concerns the dependence of the properties on the oxygen concentration in the sputtering atmosphere. The oxide films were prepared by rf sputtering from a compressed powder MoO3 target under a…
We have performed a systematic investigation of empty electronic surface states on the (100), (110), and (111) faces of nickel, copper, and silver using momentum-resolved inverse photoemission spectroscopy at \ensuremath{\Elzxh}\ensuremath{\omega}=9.7 eV. We present the measured two-dimensional energy-band dispersions…
Dielectric properties, lattice- and microstructure of ceramic BaTiO3 showing grain sizes of 0.3–100 μm were studied. At grain sizes <10 μm the width of ferroelectric 90° domains decreases proportionally to the square root of the grain diameter. The decreasing width of the domains can be theoretically explained…
The method of natural localized molecular orbitals (NLMOs) is presented as a novel and efficient technique for obtaining LMOs for SCF and CI wave functions. It is an extension of the previously developed natural atomic orbital (NAO) and natural bond orbital (NBO) methods, and uses only the information contained in the…
In LiF:Mg, Ti dosimeters, gamma -irradiation at low temperature (77K) reduces the TL intensities of peaks 7 (260 degrees C) and 10 (450 degrees C) drastically whereas the TL intensity of peak 5 (200 degrees C) remains nearly the same as that after irradiation at room temperature (RT). This implies that during irradiat…
Abstract Various laterally fluoro‐substituted benzonitriles have been prepared containing a trans ‐4‐( n ‐alkyl)cyclohexane ring linked to the 4‐position of the benzonitriles either through a methyleneoxy (CH 2 O–) or an ethylene (CH 2 CH 2 ‐) bridge. The bridging group links the benzonitrile and cyclohexane rings e…
The Saddle Conformation of Hydroporphinoid Nickel(II) Complexes: Structure, Origin, and Stereochemical Consequences Thirteen crystal structures document the general phenomenon of coordination‐hole contraction in hexahydro‐ and tetrahydroporphinoid ligands of complexes with small metal ions such as low‐spin Ni(II). The…
Abstract The ferritic steels used for reactor pressure vessels undergo a marked transition from ductile to brittle fracture behaviour over a relatively narrow temperature range. For most unirradiated mild steels the ductile to brittle transition temperature (d.b.t.t.) is between — 50° and 20 °C. The process of irradia…
We have discovered a new form of Fr\'eedericksz transition in which uniform splay distortion is replaced by a complex periodic twist-splay pattern having a lower critical field than that for uniform splay. Experimental evidence is presented along with an exact calculation of both the critical field and the initial for…
We report the observation of an order-disorder transition in the semiconductor strained-superlattice system GeSi/Si, which doubles the lattice periodicity in a $〈111〉$ direction. This phenomenon may be representative of a class of order-disorder transitions in strained-semiconductor systems, even when the lattice mism…
The dispersion of the nonlinear susceptibilities of Ar, ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$, and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ have been measured for wavelengths from 700.0 to 457.9 nm. A comparison is made with phenomenological models used in the literature.