Materials Literature
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The momentum distribution of the protons in ice Ih, ice VI, high density amorphous ice and water in carbon nanotubes at low temperatures has been measured using deep inelastic neutron scattering. We find that the momentum distribution for the water in the nanotubes is qualitatively unlike that in any other phase of wa…
The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of single-wall carbon nanotubes are calculated using a dipole approximation. The calculated CD spectra show features that allow us to distinguish between nanotubes with different angles of chirality, and diameters. These results provide theoretical support for the quantification of…
We report on the magnetic properties of thoroughly characterized Zn(1-x)Co(x)O epitaxial thin films, with low Co concentration, x = 0.003-0.005. Magnetic and EPR measurements, combined with crystal field theory, reveal that isolated Co2+ ions in ZnO possess a strong single ion anisotropy which leads to an "easy plane"…
The conditions for structural transitions at the core of a grain boundary separating two crystals was investigated with a diffuse interface model that incorporates disorder and crystal orientation [Kobayashi et al., Physica D 140, 141 (2000)]. The model predicts that limited structural disorder near the grain boundary…
Two mechanisms of melting are known, heterogeneous, where melting starts at surfaces, and homogeneous, where the liquid nucleates in the bulk crystal. If melting occurs homogeneously, a crystal can be superheated significantly above its melting temperature $({T}_{m})$. At present, the physical meaning of the limit of…
Negative refraction is currently achieved by a combination of artificial ``electric atoms'' (metallic wires with negative electrical permittivity $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$) and artificial ``magnetic atoms'' (split-ring resonators with negative magnetic permeability $\ensuremath{\mu}$). Both $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ and $…
We demonstrate that proteases can be used to selectively trigger the self-assembly of peptide hydrogels via reversed hydrolysis.
Chopped strand glass fiber–reinforced particle-filled castor oil–based polyurethane polystyrene composites with varying weight fractions of glass fibers were investigated for morphology, tensile strength, and absorption of various chemicals. The short glass fiber fraction was varied from 1% to 16% (by wt.) of the tota…
We explore the solvation of single conjugated polymer molecules in a smectic liquid crystal using single molecule spectroscopy. We find evidence for two distinct orientations for solvation: the majority of polymers are narrowly orientated parallel to the nematic director, as expected, but, unexpectedly, a second popul…
Microporous polyurethane vascular prostheses with a 4 mm diameter and 0.3-0.4 mm wall thickness were fabricated by a spray phase inversion technique. In this study, the effect of distance between spray guns (SG) and rotating mandrel (RM), the effect of rate of rotating mandrel (RRM), and the type of nonsolvent on pore…
Polyaniline (PANI) thin films have been prepared by applying the novel neutral and ionized cluster beam deposition (NCBD and ICBD) methods and the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique to the PANI samples of half-oxidized emeraldine base (EB-PANI) and protoemeraldine base forms in a high-vacuum condition. Characteri…
Abstract Monodisperse branched polyurethanes containing long alkyl chains have been prepared by a new convergent synthesis. This synthesis comprises two steps, with hexamethylene diisocyanate uretdione as the starting molecule. The free isocyanate groups of this monomer are reacted with long‐chain alkanols. These diur…
Abstract A set of new aromatic poly(ether amide)s containing benzimidazole groups and ethylene oxide sequences of different lengths were synthesized and characterized. The new polymers were prepared from two benzimidazole diamines, 2‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐5‐aminobenzimidazole and 2‐(3‐aminophenyl)‐5‐aminobenzimidazole, and…
Thermally induced reduction of amorphous Fe 2 O 3 nanopowder (2–3 nm) with nanocrystalline Mg (∼20 nm) under a hydrogen atmosphere is presented as a novel route to obtain α-Fe and Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in a MgO matrix. The phase composition, structural and magnetic properties, size and morphology o…
Surface chromate species on Phillips catalysts are probed directly using resonant Raman spectroscopy (see figure). Under pre-resonance conditions, for the first time, the vibrational features of the CrII-active centers and their evolution upon interaction with N2 and CO are observed.
When the Fresnel–Kirchhoff (FK) diffraction integral is evaluated exactly (instead of using the Fresnel approximation), the well-known mathematical inconsistency in the FK boundary conditions leads to unacceptable results for the intensity of Poisson's spot. The Rayleigh–Sommerfeld (RS) integral has no inconsistencies…
No AccessDesigning with PlasticsJan 2006Physical Properties – Characteristic Values – Test Methods and ProceduresGunter ErhardGunter Erhardhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446412828.004SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of strin…
Development of models describing the processes undergone by an electron when it travels in the surface region of solids is of great importance to acquire a more complete understanding of electron spectroscopies as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, or reflection-electron-energy-loss spectro…
Previous experimental measurements showed that heat transfer performance of heaters submerged in a water pool is enhanced when ultrasonic vibration is applied to the pool. The increase rate in CHF values varied depending on the inclination angle of the heated surface with the maximum when horizontal and facing downwar…
In face-centered-cubic (fcc) Al, stacking fault energy (SFE) is high at ca. $150\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mJ}∕{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$, inhibiting stacking fault (SF) formation and dislocation motion. Yet Ag-rich hcp precipitates form rapidly in Al-rich fcc Al-Ag, even as the energy difference $\ensuremath{\Delta}{E…