Materials Literature
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The principle of the Pulsed Electro Acoustic (PEA) method, for measuring space charge in insulating materials, is discussed in case the test object is a multilayer flat sample. In particular, the evaluation of the electrically induced mechanical stress a solid dielectric combination experiences when tested by means of…
Electrical treeing is a long-term electrical breakdown mechanism in polymeric high voltage electrical insulation systems. Recently physical models of electrical tree growth have been proposed in the literature in which the rate of damage accumulation was assumed to be proportional to the electrostatic energy dissipati…
The fundamental temperature-dependent parameters of a thermoelectric (TE) module: coefficient, electrical resistance, thermal conductance, and figure-of-merit are necessary, among other factors, for the conception of models for this type of devices. In this work we present a methodology for calculating these parameter…
In the paper, a procedure for power cable life estimation in the presence of load cycles, accounting also for thermal transients, is proposed. Such procedure is based on Miner's approach to life inference in the presence of time-varying stresses. Life fractions lost during each portion of a load cycle are calculated r…
Most solid-state electronic structure calculations are based on quantum electrons and classical nuclei. These calculations either omit quantum zero-point motion and tunnelling, or estimate it in an extra step. Such quantum effects are especially significant for light nuclei, such as the proton or its analogue, μ + . W…
Carbon nanotubes and monodispersed nanoparticles are two of the most important building blocks proposed to create nanodevices. Also, the tendency to produce nanomachines with biomolecules has increased in the past few years. Because hydrogen bonding plays an important role in structuring many natural molecules, it is…
Cellulose triacetate (CTA) fibers were partially hydrolyzed in 0.054 N solutions of NaOH/H(2)O and NaOMe/MeOH. The surface concentration of acetyl groups was determined using ATR-FTIR. Total acetyl content was determined by the alkaline hydrolysis method. Fiber cross-sections were stained with Congo red in order to ex…
Controlled mechanochemical reduction of NiO has been carried out by room-temperature ball milling under H 2 atmosphere. During the milling, a gradual conversion of NiO into Ni occurs, with no intermediate phases being formed. The amount of Ni and its crystallite size can be tuned by the ball-milling parameters, leadin…
Outdoor insulation materials not only have to withstand the electric field during service; they also must be resistant against ageing phenomena by dust and humidity. Water drops from dew or rainfall play an important role. Research work has been done on the damaging effects of water drop corona to insulating materials…
Electrical measurements were conducted on different polymer compounds consisting of polypropylene (PP) and polyaniline. Both undoped polyaniline (PANI emeraldine base) and doped PANI blended with PP were studied. Electrical permittivity, loss factor and breakdown voltages with dc, ac and lightning impulse (LI) voltage…
Our work was to study the influence of temperature from 20/spl deg/C to 80/spl deg/C on space charge formation on low-density polyethylene, with and without antioxidant. The pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method and DC conduction measurements were used to follow the space charge formation under high electric field (55…
Dual excited states of nickel(II) meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (NiTPPS) and nickel(II) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (NiTPP) have been investigated by two-pump-one-probe transient absorption spectrometry. By dual excited states, we mean molecular entities that have absorbed two photons to generate molecular stat…
Self-assembled and well aligned RuO 2 nanorods (NRs) have been grown on sapphire (SA) substrates via metal–organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), using bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium as the source reagent. The surface morphology, structural, and spectroscopic properties of the as-deposited NRs were character…
We describe the synthesis of mixed, or binary, polymer brushes containing polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). These films were synthesized by a grafting-from (GF) strategy from gold substrates that were coated with a bis-thiol free radical photoinitiator, similar to 2,2‘-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AI…
This paper reports our novel approach in an attempt to grow high-density gold nanoparticles on an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface using an improved “touch” seeding technique, instead of the “normal” seeding approach, in a seed-mediated growth procedure as we reported previously [Kambayashi et al., Cryst. Growth Des. 20…
In vitro evolution of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene from Pseudomonas sp. 61-3 (phaC1(Ps)) has been performed to generate highly active enzymes. In this study, a positive mutant of PHA synthase, Glu130Asp (E130D), was characterized in detail in vivo and in vitro. Recombinant Escherichia coli strain JM109…
Spin-frustrated polyoxometalates, K(11)H[(VO)(3)(SbW(9)O(33))(2)].27H(2)O (1) and K(12)[(VO)(3)(BiW(9)O(33))(2)].29H(2)O (2), containing approximately equilateral and isosceles (VO)(3)(6+)-triangles (V(IV)...V(IV) separation of 5.4-5.5 A) sandwiched by two diamagnetic alpha-B nonatungstate ligands ([SbW(9)O(33)](9)(-)…
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) are insoluble in most organic solvents, such as toluene. Improvements in the solubility of the SWNTs are, however, seen as a result of interaction with dye molecules such as terphenyl and anthracene. The suspensions formed are stable for periods greater than 24 months. Spectroscopi…
The Vogel−Fulcher−Tammann−Hesse (VFTH) equation has been the most widespread tool for describing the temperature dependence of the characteristic times of the cooperative dynamics of glass-forming liquids, both in low-molecular-weight and macromolecular systems near and above the glass transition temperature. Previous…
Synthetic samples of the pyrochlores La 2 Zr 2 O 7 and La 2 Hf 2 O 7 were irradiated in situ in the intermediate voltage electron microscope (IVEM-Tandem Facility) at Argonne National Laboratory using 1.0 MeV Kr 2+ . Results of this study demonstrate that both pyrochlores pass through the crystalline–amorphous transfo…