Materials Literature
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Natural fiber reinforced starch polymers are processed by compression molding. Potato, sweet potato, and corn starch are used as matrices. Three types of natural fibers, namely sisal, jute, and cabuya, are used in concentrations varying from 2.5 to 12.5% w/w in the composites. Different plasticizers are used for the s…
To determine the surface coverage of exfoliated carbon nanotubes by surfactant molecules, we propose four experimental methods based on thermogravimetric analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, surface tension measurements, and a variant of Maron's titration. We apply all four methods to aqueous mixtures of carbon nanotubes an…
We demonstrate highly efficient avalanche multiphoton luminescence (MPL) from ordered-arrayed gold nanowires (NWs) with low time-average excitation intensity, Iexc (5.0-9.1 kW/cm2). The intensity of avalanche MPL, IMPL, is about 10(4) times larger than that of three-photon luminescence, the slope partial differential…
Here, it is demonstrated that similar chemical species within a multicomponent sample can be distinguished, down to the single-molecule level, by means of their surface-enhanced vibrational fingerprints. Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering spectra and 2D spatial intensity maps are recorded from thin Ag nanopar…
We investigate exciton dynamics in isopycnically enriched (6,5) nanotube-DNA suspensions using femtosecond time-resolved pump−probe spectroscopy. The ground state recovery is characterized by a t -0.45 ± 0.03 power law behavior, indicative of a one-dimensional diffusion-limited reaction that is tentatively attributed…
Three polystyrene- block -poly(2-vinylpyridine) (S2VP diblock) and three polystyrene- block -poly(4-vinylpyridine) (S4VP diblock) copolymers with varying molecular weights and block compositions were synthesized via anionic polymerization, and their order−disorder transition temperatures ( T ODT s) were determined usi…
Molecular modeling simulations are the most important tools to predict blend compatibility of polymers that are otherwise difficult to predict by experimental means. Conflicting reports have been reported on the blend compatibility of poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, and chitosan, CS polymers. Since both the polymers are wid…
Composite films were prepared from pectin and fish skin gelatin (FSG) or pectin and soybean flour protein (SFP). The inclusion of protein promoted molecular interactions, resulting in a well-organized homogeneous structure, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and fracture-acoustic emission analysis. The result…
Contrary to popular assumption, the rate of growth of structural data has slowed, and the Protein Data Bank (PDB) has not been growing exponentially since 1995. Reaching such a dramatic conclusion requires careful measurement of growth of novel structures, which can be achieved by clustering entry sequences, or by usi…
We present an analytical calculation of the velocity of a single 180 degree domain wall in a magnetic structure with reduced thickness and/or lateral dimension under the combined action of an external applied magnetic field and an electrical current. As for the case of field-induced domain wall propagation in thick fi…
Indocyanine green (ICG) is an FDA-approved photosensitizer dye used in clinical settings for optical diagnostics and near-infrared laser-based therapy. However, the rapid clearance and nonspecific vascular plasma binding issues impede ICG performance. Encapsulating ICG within a colloidal matrix is a potential approach…
Thin films of Ag–PET nanocomposite were synthesized by a novel route of atom beam co-sputtering. The nanocomposites were characterized by UV–visible and IR absorption spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The absorption spectra exhibit features suitable for applicat…
We present an environmentally friendly, rapid, no-rinse and mass-production amenable plasma process for the fabrication of super-hydrophobic (SH) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surfaces using only a one load/unload step in a low-pressure, high-density plasma reactor. First, oxygen plasma is applied to nanotexture th…
We present results of magnetic torque calculations using the fully relativistic spin-polarized Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker approach applied to small Co and Fe clusters deposited on the Pt(111) surface. From the magnetic torque one can derive among others the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). It was found that this approach…
Amine terminated molecules show well behaved conductance in the scanning tunneling microscope break-junction experimental measurements. We performed density functional theory based electron transport calculations to explain the nature of this phenomenon. We find that amines can be adsorbed only on apex Au atom, while…
We present phaseless auxiliary-field (AF) quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations of the ground states of some hydrogen-bonded systems. These systems were selected to test and benchmark different aspects of the new phaseless AF QMC method. They include the transition state of H+H$_2$ near the equilibrium geometry and i…
The problem of dynamic symmetric branching of an initial single brittle crack propagating at a given speed under plane loading conditions is studied within a continuum mechanics approach. Griffith's energy criterion and the principle of local symmetry are used to determine the cracks paths. The bifurcation is predicte…
The structure of the (sqrt[5] x sqrt[5])R26.6 degrees reconstruction of LaAlO3 (001) has been determined using transmission electron diffraction combined with direct methods. It has a lanthanum oxide termination with one lanthanum vacancy per surface unit cell. Density functional calculations indicate that charge comp…
Materials which can undergo slow diffusive transformations as well as fast displacive transformations are studied using the phase-field method. The model captures the essential features of the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams, continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams, and microstructure formation…
The strain of GaN layers grown by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) on three vicinal 4H-SiC substrates (0, 3.4 and 8 offcut from [0001] towards [11-20] axis) is investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Scattering and Cathodoluminescence (CL). The strain relaxation mechanisms are analyzed for each m…