Materials Literature
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Crystallization via an amorphous precursor, the so-called multistep crystallization (MSC), plays a key role in biomineralization and protein crystallization. MSC has attracted much attention in the past decade, but a quantitative understanding of it has so far not been available. The major challenge is that the kineti…
Glycopeptide dendrimers are regularly branched structures containing both carbohydrates and peptides. Various types of these compounds differing in composition and structure are mentioned, together with their practical use spanning from catalysis, transport vehicles to synthetic vaccines. This Part II (for Part I see…
Persistence length of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is studied using three-dimensional analysis of MWCNT individual particles, employing scanning electron microscopy with various view angles and a capillary viscometer. The root-mean-squared end-to-end distance of MWCNTs follows random-coil scaling in spite of…
Controlled covalent functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes has been performed using Diels–Alder reaction of various functional benzocyclobutene derivatives with the sp2 carbons of the tubes at appropriate reaction temperature and time. The use of polymer containing pendant benzocyclobutene produces cross-li…
This paper reviews the recent trends on super-patterned vertical alignment (S-PVA) and fringe-field switching (FFS) technologies for liquid crystal display (LCD)-television (TV) applications. For PVA mode, Samsung originally announced S-PVA technology in 2004 to enhance off-axis viewing quality of conventional PVA mod…
We report the immobilization and characterization of a spiropyran (SP) derivative (1) on smooth Si(100) and porous H-terminated silicon surfaces through a thermal hydrosilylation protocol. Under visible light exposure the SP is in a closed, hydrophobic form, whereas under UV irradiation it converts to a polar, hydroph…
The charge density wave (CDW) is usually associated with Fermi surfaces nesting. We here report a new CDW mechanism discovered in a 2H-structured transition metal dichalcogenide, where the two essential ingredients of the CDW are realized in very anomalous ways due to the strong-coupling nature of the electronic struc…
An ultrathin photo-crosslinkable random copolymer film was designed as a substrate-independent imaging layer for block copolymer (BCP) thin films. Negative-tone resist chemistry was combined with the chemistry of neutral surfaces to formulate the imaging layer. The synthesis of the imaging layer, optimization of the p…
The organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) composed of HMTTF single crystals as channel semiconductors exhibit a field-effect mobility exceeding 10 cm2/Vs. To achieve this high device performance we found it necessary to optimize carrier injections by using thin films of tetrathiafulvalene–tetracyanoquinodimethane (…
Aligned SnO2 nanowire arrays and individual 1D structures were grown by a combination of molecule-based CVD and catalyst-assisted growth techniques on TiO2 substrates. Hierarchical branched SnO2/V2O5 heterostructures (see image) were obtained by a two-step process without secondary catalyst deposition leading to a red…
The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide with Au–Pd catalysts is described and discussed: in particular, the roles of the support and promoters. Catalysts prepared by co-impregnation on various supports with calcination at 400 °C were stable and could be re-used several times without loss of metal. Catalysts calcined…
A novel template-free hydrothermal method is developed to prepare large-scale ZnO hollow microspheres. The key strategy for the successful realization is that we employ a high concentration of trisodium citrate to control the nucleation and growth rate of ZnO crystal forming microspheres with core/shell structures and…
This communication describes an investigation of the galvanic replacement reaction between single-crystal Pd nanorods and AuCl 4 - ions. We found that the Au atoms resulting from the galvanic replacement reaction did not coat the entire surface of a Pd nanorod to generate a core-sheath or hollow nanostructure. In the…
We investigate the minimum conductivity of graphene within a quasiclassical approach taking into account electron-hole coherence effects which stem from the chiral nature of low energy excitations. Relying on an analytical solution of the kinetic equation in the electron-hole coherent and incoherent cases, we study bo…
An unprecedented (3,6)-connected 3-D framework constructed from sandwich-type polyoxometalate building blocks containing a (Cu8) cluster, [Cu(H(2)O)(2)]H(2)[Cu(8)(dap)(4)(H(2)O)(2)(alpha-B-GeW(9)O(34))(2)] (dap = 1,2-diaminopropane) has been hydrothermally made, which provides a novel topological structure in transiti…
Water-soluble thiolated molecules are among the most commonly used ligands to render quantum dots (QDs) water-soluble and biocompatible. These ligands maintain a relatively small total QD size, which makes them useful for many biological applications, but often cause a reduction of the quantum yield. The resulting qua…
Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) is a common feature of systems in which a low melting point liquid metal is in contact with another, higher melting point, polycrystalline metal. While different systems exhibit different LME fracture characteristics, the penetration of nanometer-thick liquid metal films along the grai…
Magnetic impurities play an important role in many spintronics-related materials. Motivated by this fact, we study the anomalous Hall effect in the presence of magnetic impurities, focusing on two-dimensional electron systems with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We find a highly nonlinear dependence on the impurity polari…
We investigated the time-dependent polarization switching behaviors of (111)-preferred polycrystalline Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 thin films with various Zr concentrations. We could explain all the polarization switching behaviors well by assuming Lorentzian distributions in the logarithmic polarization switching time [Refer to J…
We show that the efficiency of manipulating electron spin in semiconductor quantum wells can be enhanced by tuning the strain strength. The effect combining intrinsic and strain-induced spin splitting varies for different systems, which provides an alternative route to understand the experimental phenomena brought in…