Materials Literature
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Abstract The synthesis and the application of graft copolymers prepared from ozonized polyethylene (HDPE) are described. The homopolymer was treated with ozone and then copolymerized with monomers, such as methyl methacrylate, hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, maleic anhydride, and ethyl acrylate. The…
During the development and formulation screening for a lyophilized dosage form, one of the most important characteristic of the amorphous lyophilized solid that is usually not considered is its glass transition temperature. The knowledge of Tg for various formulations becomes especially important during the initial st…
The dynamics of crystalline glycerol are studied by means of Raman spectroscopy and lattice dynamics calculations employing a semiflexible model to represent the low-lying molecular vibrations. The latter is validated against structural, thermodynamic, and spectroscopic data. The results serve to set an absolute frequ…
Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out in order to clarify the structural and hydrogen bond network differences among high density amorphous ice (HDA), low density amorphous ice (LDA), and hexagonal ice (ice ${\mathit{I}}_{\mathit{h}}$). Ice ${\mathit{I}}_{\mathit{h}}$ is transformed to HDA at 1.27 GPa a…
Lattice dislocations within the grains of an experimental SrTiO3 internal boundary layer capacitor have been studied using weak-beam transmission electron microscopy and conventional two-beam imaging. The resulting images have been compared with simulated images for various possible models of dislocations in perovskit…
The structure and mechanical properties of melt-pressed sheets of bacterially produced poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHB/HV) filled with various amounts of particulate maize starch granules have been investigated. The experimental methods included stress–strain measureme…
Summary Both P and Al MAS NMR spectra of samples of excessively fertilized sandy soil provided information about the P and Al speciation. Peak deconvolution was used to interpret reliably and quantitatively the 31 P NMR spectra recorded. Most of the P was found to be associated with Al. Part of the P exhibited a chemi…
A metallic phase of carbon, metastable at terapascal pressure, has been discovered by means of first-principles computer simulations. The simulation shows that, upon fast compression, diamond survives in a metastable state up to about 3 TPa, where it collapses into a metallic sixfold coordinated structure, named SC4.…
The carboxylic acid groups of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) were derivatized in the solid state using a procedure resulting in esterification by trifluoroethanol vapour. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses incidate that stoichiometric reaction with PAA was reached after 10 h. However…
Using high resolution calorimetry and deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance we report a systematic study of alkylcyanobiphenyl (nCB) liquid crystals confined to the three-dimensionally interconnected random networks of pores of Vycor glass. Composed of nearly pure ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$, Vycor has pores with mean diamete…
Electrochemical properties of bare and copper‐coated electrodes were investigated in alkaline solution. The exchange current density, polarization resistance, and equilibrium potential were determined as functions of the state of charge in the electrodes. The symmetry factors for bare and copper‐coated electrodes were…
A model of a space-filling, monodisperse nanocrystalline material, consisting of identically shaped rhombohedral grains connected by identical grain boundaries, is presented. In the limit of infinite grain size, the model reproduces the corresponding bicrystalline grain boundary; variation of the grain size therefore…
Anodic oxidation of a non-equilibrium Al-1·9 at.% W alloy has been studied in order to investigate the mechanism of incorporation of metal ions into the anodic film at the alloy-film interface. Initially a relatively tungsten-free anodic alumina film is formed on the alloy to a thickness of about 28 nm, corresponding…
The peculiarities of multiplication of electronic excitations have been investigated in wide-gap alkali halide crystals where, in contrast to semiconductors, free and self-trapped excitons as well as free and self-trapped holes coexist. In particular, the luminescent methods for separation and quantitative investigati…
The effects of microstructure on electromigration behavior were evaluated in three nominally 1 μm thick pure aluminum films, which were tested at temperatures from 423 to 523 K. The three Al films had essentially the same grain structure but different variants of an 〈111〉 texture. Texture had a very strong effect on t…
An extended x-ray-absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study has been carried out on a range of rare-earth metaphosphate $R{(\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{3})}_{3}$ glasses of growing interest in optical communications and laser technologies. Phosphate glasses modified using the rare-earth oxides ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{6}$${\mathrm{O…
Organic conductors based on new classes of dimeric TTFs (e.g., see figure) are reviewed. The complexes have structures in some cases which are determined by inter‐TTF transannular interactions, leading to stretched, folded, and sandwich arrangements. These multi‐TTF materials have potential applications in the develop…
Blends of nylon-6,6 with a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (VECTRA) were processed by injection moulding. Tensile testing was carried out on specimens of blend compositions in the range of 20 to 30% VECTRA where specimens with 25% VECTRA presented the best Young’s modulus and strength. The fracture surfaces we…
Abstract High-purity N-carboxyl l-tryptophan anhydride (l-4-indoylmethyl-2,5-oxazolidinedione) was synthesized in good yield. Copolypeptides with a random sequence of l-trypophan (Trp) with glycine (Gly), l-alanine (Ala), l-α-amino-n-butyric acid (Abu), l-n-valine (Nval), l-n-leucine (Nleu), l-leucine (Leu), l-γ-methy…
In precipitate particles formed by heat treatment of industrially cast Al-(1.8–1.6wt.%)Mn alloys, a sequence of stages intermediate between the quasicrystalline I phase and the cubic α-AlMnSi phase have been found. Their electron diffraction patterns and images can be interpreted in terms of faults on {110}α planes, w…