Materials Literature
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This paper reviews the concept, status and challenges of emerging nonvolatile memory technologies. The technologies that are discussed and compared to state of the art flash technology are the conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM), the ferro-electric RAM (FeRAM), the magneto-resistive RAM (MRAM), the organic RAM (ORAM) and…
We have prepared an atomically flat and insulating (110) SrTiO3 surface by annealing at high temperature under varying oxygen partial pressure. At low pressure, the polar surface is stabilized by oxygen vacancies, resulting in an atomically flat surface characterized by (110) unit-cell steps. The vacancies can be fill…
Abstract The solid‐state three‐dimensional ordering of polyaniline–dopant complexes was investigated with four structurally different sulfonic acid dopants. The doped materials were produced in three different ways: polyaniline emeraldine base doped with sulfonic acid (aqueous route), in situ polymerization at the org…
AAO template technology was combined with silicon technology to be directly applied to electronic device fabrication. Thin film anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) templates were fabricated on a silicon wafer by multiple anodizations. No electropolishing was used after the deposition of the aluminium layer on Si wafers. The…
Abstract Summary: Polymer blend nanocomposites containing linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), nylon 6 and organoclays were prepared by melt mixing, and their morphologies and structures were examined with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM) and an X‐ray diffractometer (XRD). The size of phase‐s…
A Q-tensor method is used to model a grating-aligned zenithally bistable nematic device in two dimensions. The flexoelectrically driven switching between the two ground states is shown to occur through the creation and annihilation of pairs of defects, and the sign and magnitude of the voltage thresholds demonstrated…
For the first time, Au/Ti micro- and nanotubes were prepared by rolling initially planar, strained Au/Ti bifilms, freed from the Si substrates by wet selective etching of underlying Al sacrificial layers. Conducting metal tubes with diameters ranging from 20 µm to 40 nm were made from 10 µm wide and 10 cm long metal s…
Novel polyelectrolyte microcapsules are developed using alternating layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes onto charged templates followed by core removal. These capsules have a continuous wall with a hollow interior and exhibit tunable permeability, which can be utilized for both susta…
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized and successfully incorporated in Ce 3+ -doped SiO 2 matrix by a sol–gel method. Photoluminescence intensities were compared for ZnO nanoparticles, Ce 3+ -doped SiO 2 (SiO 2 :Ce 3+ ) and ZnO encapsulated in SiO 2 :Ce 3+ (ZnO–SiO 2 :Ce 3+ ) fabricated from sol–gels. Green emission from…
Highly manufacturable 64Mbit PRAM has been successfully fabricated using N-doped Ge/sub 2/Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 5/ (GST) and optimal GST etching process. Using those technologies, it was possible to achieve the low writing current of 0.6 mA and clear separation between SET and RESET resistance distributions. The 64Mb PRAM w…
The crystal structures of two hydrazinium-based germanium(IV) and tin(IV) selenide salts are determined. (N(2)H(5))(4)Ge(2)Se(6) (1) [I4(1)cd, a = 12.708(1) Angstroms, c = 21.955(2) Angstroms, Z = 8] and (N(2)H(4))(3)(N(2)H(5))(4)Sn(2)Se(6) (2) [P, a = 6.6475(6) Angstroms, b = 9.5474(9) Angstroms, c = 9.8830(10) Angst…
In the present work we analyze the magnetic entropy change $\ensuremath{\Delta}{S}_{\mathrm{M}}$ of the ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ manganites, for a wide range of Ca concentrations $(0.20\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.95)$. The results for the samples…
We analyzed the programming dynamics in phase-change memory (PCM) cells. The chalcogenide phase-change mechanism and phase distribution in the programmed cell is studied by both experiments and a numerical model, which self-consistently addresses the electrical-thermal conduction phase transition. We show that the res…
We report on a photolabile protecting (caging) group that is new for carboxylic acids. Unlike previously used caging groups for carboxylic acids, it can be photolyzed rapidly and efficiently in the visible wavelength region. The caging group 7-N,N-diethyl aminocoumarin (DECM) was used to cage the gamma-carboxyl group…
We find strong evidence for a metal-insulator (MI) transition in macroscopic single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) conductors. This is revealed by systematic measurements of resistivity and transverse magnetoresistance (MR) in the ranges 1.9--300 K and 0--9 Tesla, as a function of $p$-type redox doping. Strongly ${\mathr…
Polar behavior was found in Sr1−xMnxTiO3(x=0.005–0.02) ceramic system. Radio-frequency dielectric measurements showed a diffuse maximum at 25–65 K shifting to higher temperatures with increasing measurement frequency and amount of Mn. The observation of hysteretic behavior in the P versus E curves shows the existence…
Single-crystalline ZnO microtubes were synthesized by a simple metal-vapor deposition method. The ZnO microtubes, which had outer diameters in the range of 0.3−2 μm and wall thickness in the range of 100−500 nm, indicated a faceted hexagonal shape. In addition, it was found that there were many incomplete ZnO microtub…
During the past centuries, industrial processes and energy conversion plants have shown no or little care for environmental quality. The result is a huge accumulation of pollution and hazardous by-products, left as a heritage for the present and future generations. Recuperation of by-products or thermal energy is not…
A multinuclear NMR study of the interaction between phenylboronic acid (PBA) and sialic acid (Neu5 Ac) has been performed. The latter compound is known to be overexpressed on the cell surface of tumor cells. The results of this investigation suggest that the binding of PBA to sialic acid is pH dependent. 17O NMR exper…
A near ballistic carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) that integrates an ultra-short channel, low-barrier metal contacts, and a thin high-K gate insulator is modeled and analyzed using self-consistent quantum simulations. Numerical simulations, which solve a quantum transport equation self-consistently wit…