Materials Literature
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The Autler–Townes effect in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance has been observed using recently developed Raman heterodyne techniques. The measurements were carried out on the nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond, where the 3A↔3E optical transition was driven by a single mode dye…
A mathematical model for the electrical hysteresis of ferroelectric thin-film capacitors based on the Landau free energy theory is presented. The hysteresis of a single ferroelectric crystallite is derived from free energy considerations. The hysteresis of a polycrystalline material is obtained by accounting for the s…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLong-range electron transfers between very slowly diffusing tetracyanoquinodimethane and its radical anion in poly(ether) solutionsT. T. Wooster, M. Watanabe, and Royce W. MurrayCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 14, 5886–5893Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication…
Large-scale application of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and PECVD-like processes have been limited due to the inherent complexity and dependence of the reactor geometry and gas flow patterns on the process variables. Plasma diagnostics and robust experimental design have enabled large-area applica…
A method is presented allowing the determination of the three principal values (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}}_{1}$,${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}}_{2}$,${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}}_{3}$) of the dielectric tensor for a chiral smectic-C liquid crystal in the case that the material has an uncompensate…
The corrosion resistance of three types of iron phosphate coatings on cold-rolled steel was examined. The alkali metal phosphating baths studied were three of the types most commonly encountered in industrial finishing operations. Coating composition was varied by using different accelerators in the phosphating bath.…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible uptake of hydrogen and nitrogen at cobalt in the solid state. Influence of the counter anion on the formation of classical dihydride vs. nonclassical .eta.2-dihydrogen forms of [(PP3)CoH2]+Claudio Bianchini, Carlo Mealli, Maurizio Peruzzini, and Fabrizio ZanobiniC…
Plasma membranes of the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (DSM 639) display a pyrophosphate-hydrolyzing activity [M. Lübben & G. Schäfer (1987) Eur. J. Biochem. 164, 533-540]. In our present work, we solubilized and purified this pyrophosphatase to homogeneity. It consists of a single subunit…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical investigation of the geometric structures and the second-order nonlinear optical properties of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivativesMamoun M. Bader, Tomoyuki Hamada, and Atsushi KakutaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 16, 6475–6479Publication Date (Print):July 1,…
A theory of the banded domain a-structures in tetragonal ferroelectric ceramics is presented. The mechanical sources of internal stresses appearing on the grain and band boundaries at a phase transition are modelled by arrays of wedge disclinations and continuously distributed fictitious dislocations. With the aid of…
Tilt domains are dynamical defects of cellular growth fronts consisting of a group of asymmetric cells traveling laterally along the front. We study the dynamics of these defects in thin-film directional solidification of the ${\mathrm{CBr}}_{4}$-${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cl}}_{6}$ eutectic alloy. We show that the s…
Abstract Shooting experiments over short distances (30 to 50 cm) deposited apparently non-burnt and partially burned flakes of smokeless powder propellants on clothing around the bullet holes. An approach was made to compare the propellant particles recovered from the clothing with those from a particular cartridge. E…
Abstract The syntheses of three methacrylate monomers with cinnamate ester side‐chains and of a further monomer with a corresponding cinnamide side‐chain are described. Two of the monomers, with isomeric structures, were thermotropic liquid crystals. Although the clearing points were very similar the crystal melting p…
Two orthorhombic Al–Mn–Cu phases, π-Al20Mn3Cu2 and Y-AlMnCu, with large lattice parameters were found to coexist with the decagonal quasicrystal in Al10Mn3Cu0.1-0.2 alloys and they were shown to be crystalline approximants of the latter. These two phases have similar structural subunits and a close orientation relatio…
Constant compressive stress creep experiments in the temperature and stress ranges of 1770 to 2020 K and 35 to 373 MPa have been performed on polycrystalline alpha SiC. Specimens having average grain sizes of 3.5, 4.9, and 7.5 μm have been studied in order to determine the grain size dependence of steady‐state creep i…
Very high oxygen coverages−up to θO ≊ 40 (forty)−were obtained by dissociative adsorption of NO2 on Ru(001) at elevated temperatures. O2 desorption data show three desorption peaks at ≊1100, ≊1000, and ≊900 K, and suggest strong oxygen–oxygen repulsions in the overlayer. An Arrhenius plot of the leading edge desorptio…
The tests carried out in Brazil indicate that a composite material including vegetable fibres of the coir type are suitable for outdoor use in environments similar to that found in São Paulo.
A mean field theory of dipole-dipole correlation in nematic liquid crystals is developed by modelling the anisotropic radial distribution function for two hard ellipsoids. This, combined with a dipole-dipole interaction energy, allows the calculation of Kirkwood dipole correlation factors for uniaxial and biaxial part…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and structure of ruthenium tetrafluoride and a structural comparison with ruthenium trifluoride and ruthenium pentafluorideWilliam J. Casteel Jr., Angus P. Wilkinson, Horst Borrmann, Robert E. Serfass, and Neil BartlettCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 14, 3124–3…
The equations properly describing the diffusion–controlled reaction of a spherical particle to form a concentric spherical shell of product are set up then solved numerically and their predictions compared with those of the commonly used approximate models due to jander, Ginstling and Brounshtein, and Valensi or Carte…