Materials Literature
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Modeling of shape-memory alloys represents a multiscale problem due to the occurrence of a martensite/austenite phase transformation and a microstructure in the deformation gradient typical for a martensitic phase. Inspired by relaxation in a static situation, a limit passage between two modeling scales, called micro-…
We present a model to explain the peak observed in the Si etch rate vs. molarity for several alkali‐hydroxide solutions. This model requires both free water molecules ( H 2 O ) f and hydroxyl ions (OH − ) to accomplish etching. As the molarity increases, the OH − concentration increases, while hydration effects steadi…
Abstract The evolution of crystallinity of neat PPS and of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer under different processing conditions is studied. Crystallization from the amorphous state at low temperatures (cold crystallization), crystallization from the melt during cooling, and crystal melting processes are analyzed…
The crystal structure of antiferroelectric Pb(Yb 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 has been characterized. Both X-ray diffraction and transmission electron diffraction show two sets of superlattice reflections originating respectively from the B-site atom ordering and the antiparallel lead-atom displacements which suffer within the ort…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPicosecond laser photolysis studies on the photorepair of pyrimidine dimers by DNA photolyase. 1. Laser photolysis of photolyase-2-deoxyuridine dinucleotide photodimer complexTadashi Okamura, Aziz Sancar, Paul F. Heelis, Tadhg P. Begley, Yoshinori Hirata, and Noboru MatagaCi…
Pure non-stoichiometric amorphous vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) has been made by splat cooling from the melt. The vanadium coordination is analysed by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray absorption at the vanadium K edge (X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure) and 51V solid-state nucle…
Ferroelastic domain switching is one of the possible toughening mechanisms in ceramic materials. Microstructural evidence of domain reorientation (switching) in polydomain tetragonal zirconia single crystals is observed upon the application of a unidirectional compressive stress at 1000° and 1400°C. Dark‐field imaging…
We report a computer-simulation study of the stability of the columnar phase in a system of parallel spherocylinders with aspect ratios L/D=5 and \ensuremath{\infty}. It is found that the range of stability of the columnar phase is strongly dependent upon the system size. In particular, for particles with an aspect ra…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerimeter model and magnetic circular dichroism of porphyrin analogsJacek Waluk and Josef MichlCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 8, 2729–2735Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.or…
Conformational disorder in crystal structures of ribonuclease-A and crambin is studied by including two independent structures in least-squares optimizations against X-ray data. The optimizations are carried out by X-ray restrained molecular dynamics (simulated annealing refinement) and by conventional least-squares o…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSecondary relaxation motion in bisphenol A polycarbonateJae Y. Jho and Albert F. YeeCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 8, 1905–1913Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ma000…
We describe the properties and construction of a polarization-independent Fresnel lens array using nematic liquid crystals in which the diffraction efficiency of lenses can be electrically controlled. A novel structure is used such that the principal axis of the liquid crystals in two adjacent zones of each Fresnel le…
Abstract Die neuartigen Verbindungen Na 6 [V 18 O 42 H 9 (VO 4 )] s· 21 H 2 O, (NH 4 ) 8 [V 18 O 42 (SO 4 )] · 25 H 2 O, K 6 [V 15 As 6 O 42 (H 2 O)] · 8 H 2 O, (NH 4 ) 6 [V 14 As 8 O 42 (SO 3 )],(NH 4 ) 6 [V 14 As 8 O 42 (SO 3 )], (NH 4 ) 6 [V 14 As 8 O 42 (SO 4 )] und [N(CH 3 ) 4 ] 4 [V 14 As 8 O 42 (H 2 O)] wurden…
The extent to which the librations of rigid molecules can model the crystallographic temperature factor profiles of proteins has been examined. For all proteins considered, including influenza virus hemagglutinin, glutathione reductase, myohemerythrin, myoglobin, and streptavidin, a simple 10-parameter model [V. Schom…
The values of the R-Co exchange field ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathrm{ex}}$ and the crystalline-electric-field parameters ${\mathit{A}}_{\mathit{n}}^{\mathit{m}}$ at the rare-earth (R) site in R${\mathrm{Co}}_{5}$ (R=Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er) and ${\mathrm{Y}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Nd}}_{\mat…
Titanite can incorporate minor amounts of radioactive impurity components (particularly U and Th) that affect the crystal structure by ɑ- and β-decay events; in particular, \nɑ-decay gives rise to significant knock-on structural damage by causing atomic displacements. We have examined a series of chemically and st…
Using the self-consistent-field molecular-orbital theory and the density-functional approximation, we show that vanadium could become magnetic if its size and dimension were constrained. This is illustrated for vanadium forming clusters with body-centered-cubic (bcc) geometry as well as for linear chains. The magnetic…
An alternative mathematical description of thermally stimulated luminescence (TL) and thermally stimulated conductivity (TSC) is presented without the restrictions of the quasiequilibrium (QE) and kinetic-order (KO) approximations. The development is carried out within the framework of a model consisting of a single a…
The solubility of cyclosporin A was determined in water and in Sorensen buffers at pH 1.2 and 6.6 at temperatures ranging from 5 to 37 degrees C. No differences in solubility behaviour were observed among the three aqueous media. Solubility was found to be inversely proportional to the temperature in each medium, indi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoil-globule type transitions in polymers. 2. Theory of coil-globule transition in linear macromoleculesT. M. Birshtein and V. A. PryamitsynCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 7, 1554–1560Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Pub…