Materials Literature
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Uphill diffusion, the diffusion of a component up its own concentration gradient, has often been observed in experimental studies of diffusion in synthetic multicomponent systems and natural silicate melts. To apply experimental data to natural processes, it is necessary to quantify this effect. A modified effective b…
The solvent dependence of the second hyperpolarizability, gamma, of a variety of unsaturated organic compounds has been measured by third harmonic generation at 1907 nanometers. It is seen that the measured gamma is a function of solvent polarity. These solvent-dependent hyperpolarizabilities are associated with chang…
Abstract A new multisolution phasing method based on entropy maximization and likelihood ranking, proposed for the specific purpose of increasing the accuracy and sensitivity of probabilistic phase indications compared with conventional direct methods, has been implemented and applied to a wide variety of problems. Th…
A preclinical toxicology study of intravenously administered liposome encapsulated doxorubicin (TLC D-99), free doxorubicin and empty liposomes was carried out in mice and dogs by single and multiple (daily for 5 days) dose schedules. Single dose intravenous injection studies in mice showed the encapsulated form of do…
Germanosilicate glasses soaked in high pressure hydrogen at low temperature exhibit markedly increased photoinduced refractive index changes when exposed to 248 nm UV radiation. The mechanisms involved include both photolytically and thermally driven reactions between hydrogen and germania, forming OH and deep UV abso…
Abstract Nodal surfaces, defined by wave vectors in a reciprocal space, equipotential surfaces, defined by point charges in real space, and periodic minimal surfaces, ‘soap-film’ elements lying smoothly across the asymmetric domains in given crystallographic symmetry groups, are exact mathematical objects which may be…
The cardiotoxic potential of liposome encapsulated doxorubicin (TLC D-99) prepared by a remote-loading technique was compared with that of free doxorubicin (1.5mg/kg administered every 3 weeks for 8 cycles) in beagle dogs. Both agents were equally myelosuppressive, and all dogs completed both treatments. There were no…
Abstract High resolution time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction has been used to determine the detailed structure of C60 as a function of temperature. Rapid data collection coupled with high resolution has enabled subtle aspects of the 86 K orientational glass transition and precursor effects of the 260 K order-dis…
Abstract The effects of an impact modifier, mean stress level, and test frequency on the fatigue crack propagation rate in a miscible amorphous blend of polycarbonate and a copolyester were investigated. Experiments were performed on a servohydraulic testing machine, in load control, using a sinusoidal waveform. The a…
Strong coupling calculations of spin-Auctuation-induced superconductivity for
An analysis of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) I-V spectra from the clean Pt 3 Ti(111) surface was performed by comparing measured intensities with data calculated using an automated tensor LEED program, which employs a directed search optimization procedure. It was found that the topmost layer is pure Pt and t…
Abstract Plasma polymers of three isomers of diaminocyclohexane (DACH) were deposited on polyethylene, SiO 2 , and mica at 20°C. The deposition rate was measured as a function of plasma density and power; a maximum was observed in the latter function. The deposition rate was highest for the monomer with the highest fl…
Abstract That the melt‐mixed blend of poly (vinyl chloride) and acrylonitrile‐ co ‐butadiene rubber becomes crosslinked during high‐temperature molding is evident from Monsanto rheometric, solvent swelling, and infrared spectroscopic studies. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that such a self‐crosslinkable plastic‐rub…
Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3(PZT)/Y1Ba2Cu3Ox(YBCO) heterostructures have been grown by pulsed laser deposition, in which PZT films were epitaxial, highly oriented, or polycrystalline. These PZT films were obtained by varying the deposition temperature from 550 to 760 °C or by using various substrates such as SrTiO3(100), MgO(10…
Two-dimensional, partially flexible polymers interacting with each other through the Onsager-like excluded-volume interaction are shown to exhibit a second-order, isotropic-nematic transition at a sufficiently high density. The instability of the free energy under the influence of a nematic state is investigated and t…
Abstract The surface modification of polyethylene in a remote nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen dc discharge plasma was investigated. In the case of the nitrogen plasma a strong correlation exists between the concentration of active nitrogen species, as detected by Langmuir probe measurements and plasma emission spectros…
Molecular dynamics simulations of porous silica in the density range 2.2--0.1 g/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ are carried out on a 41 472 particle system using a multiple instruction multiple data computer. The internal surface area, pore surface-to-volume ratio, pore size distribution, fractal dimension, correlation length, an…
Elastic moduli of $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ diamond, deduced from the Brillouin shifts experienced by inelastically scattered monochromatic radiation, are \ensuremath{\sim}0.5% higher than the corresponding values for natural diamond. This suggests $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ diamond is harder than natural diamond. A simple model incor…
Inelastic neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations provide evidence for the existence of low-frequency floppy modes in the high-temperature phase of cristobalite, which are analogous to those found in network glasses. The behavior is similar to that observed in computer simulations of orientationally diso…
Abstract Biaxial stretching of polypropylene sheets containing CaCO 3 filler results in microporous sheets, that feel soft and dry. Their properties depend on filler content, particle size of the filler, and stretching degree etc. We have studied the dependency of some properties of the microporous polypropylene sheet…