Materials Literature
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In this work surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopic experiments have demonstrated that metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes can be used as chemical assemblies between the pyrene analyte and the silver colloidal surface. Pyrene has been detected at concentrations lower than 10(-9) M by use of the 514.5 nm ex…
The present example illustrates the application of a consistent process development strategy to ascertain reproducible active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) polymorph manufacture. Key methodologies are illustrated using a Novartis API and carbamazepine as model substances. In the present example, the Novartis API was…
Titania thin films with hierarchical pore structure (macropores and nested mesopores) were obtained in one step by a combination of sol−gel synthesis with controlled phase separation. Poly(ethylene glycol) ( M w = 2000) induces a phase separation upon film formation, producing macropores with controllable diameters be…
A simple way to synthesize PbS nanocrystals with the ability to tune their morphology at room temperature is reported. The preparation utilizes an amine-catalyzed decomposition of a precursor and the amine was found to play dual roles as both the catalyst and the capping agent. Spherical PbS nanocrystals of diameters…
Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a (CDG-1a) is a congenital disease characterized by severe defects in nervous system development. It is caused by mutations in alpha-phosphomannomutase (of which there are two isozymes, alpha-PMM1 and alpha-PPM2). Here we report the x-ray crystal structures of human alpha-PMM…
The presence of dissolved gelatin in the sol state during the crystallization of ZnO has a substantial influence on its morphology. The gelatin behaves as a matrix where the ZnO is heterogeneously nucleated. The experimental conditions used during crystallization are very mild consisting of a diluted aqueous buffered…
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art and challenges involved in investment casting of Ti–6Al–4V (Ti–6–4) alloy to improve the quality, costs and manufacturing of Ti parts. More than one hundred selected reports and articles on melting, casting and secondary processes such as hot isostatic…
The hardness of single-crystal diamond is superior to all other known materials, but its performance as a superabrasive is limited because of its low wear resistance. This is the consequence of diamond's low thermal stability (it graphitizes at elevated temperature), low fracture toughness (it tends to cleave preferen…
Single-crystal NaCl core/nanoporous shell particles have been synthesized by evaporation-induced self-assembly. By variation of the hydrophobicity of the mesoporous shell, we can control the release rates by over 4 orders of magnitude.
Arrays of Cr zigzag nanosprings and slanted nanorods, 15-55 nm and 40-80-nm-wide, respectively, were grown on SiO2/Si substrates by glancing angle deposition. The arrays exhibit a reversible change in resistivity upon loading and unloading, by 50% for nanosprings and 5% for nanorods, indicating their potential as pres…
Soil and water conservation is essential for sustaining food production and for preserving the environment. This review considers the potential of four types of soil amendments, namely gypsum, organic polymers, organic matter waste materials, and fly ash, as soil stabilizers. Addition of gypsum to soil can limit clay…
Epitaxial thin films of multiferroic perovskite BiMnO 3 were synthesized on SrTiO 3 substrates, and orbital ordering and magnetic properties of the thin films were investigated. The ordering of the Mn 3+ e g orbitals at a wave vector (¼¼¼) was detected by Mn K -edge resonant X-ray scattering. This peculiar orbital ord…
First principles methods based on periodic boundary conditions are used extensively by materials theorists. However, applying these methods to systems with confined electronic states entails the use of large unit cells in order to avoid artificial image interactions. We present a general approach for truncating the Co…
In this research, we report on the compositional, microstructural and crystallographic properties of a lead coin which has been regarded for many years as a genuine silver coin minted in the Southern Italy in the course of the 4th century BC. The material characterisation of this object allowed detecting an ancient fo…
The transition from the model of a long Josephson junction of variable width to the model of a junction with a coordinate-dependent Josephson current amplitude is effected through a coordinate transformation. This establishes the correspondence between the classes of Josephson junctions of variable width and quasi-one…
The behavior of the local mode potential energy in the unit cell of BaTiO3 is studied by effective Hamiltonian numerical simulations. The study is focused on the evolution of the potential minimum felt by the Ti ion. At the paraelectric phase, the single instantaneous minimum is located at one of eight off-centered re…
Tetrairon(III) Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) with a propeller-like structure exhibit tuneable magnetic anisotropy barriers in both height and shape. The clusters [Fe4(L1)2(dpm)6] (1), [Fe4(L2)2(dpm)6] (2), [Fe4(L3)2(dpm)6].Et2O (3.Et2O), and [Fe4(OEt)3(L4)(dpm)6] (4) have been prepared by reaction of [Fe4(OMe)6(dpm)6…
Biodegradable core-shell structured fibers with poly(epsilon-caprolactone) as shell and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-containing dextran as core were prepared by coaxial electrospinning for incorporation and controlled release of proteins. BSA loading percent in the fibers and its release rate could be conveniently varie…
A nonlocal continuum mechanics model is developed and applied to study the vibration of both single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) and double-walled nanotubes (DWNTs) via elastic beam theories. The small-scale effects on vibration characteristics of carbon nanotubes are explicitly derived through a complete mechanics analys…
Two-dimensional carbon, or graphene, is a semimetal that presents unusual low-energy electronic excitations described in terms of Dirac fermions. We analyze in a self-consistent way the effects of localized (impurities or vacancies) and extended (edges or grain boundaries) defects on the electronic and transport prope…