Materials Literature
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Electric-field-gradient (EFG) calculations for ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}$ in the rutile structure using the standard full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave (LAPW) method have shown that the contribution of the Ti 3p semicore states is comparable to that of the valence electrons in contrast to other systems studied s…
Using chemical vapor deposition (CVD), we have prepared ${\mathrm{B}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{C}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ solid solutions for 0x0.17, which have the graphite structure. By varying the relative proportions of benzene and boron trichloride in the CVD reactor, we are able to control the boron…
2H-nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-spin–lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for studying the crossover from viscous (α process) to secondary (β processes) dynamics in the van der Waals liquid orthoterphenyl and the H-bridged network glycerol. The essential and general features, observed in both systems,…
We report the synthesis and evaluation of (EDTA-2-aminoethyl) 2-pyridyl disulfide. By using this easily prepared cysteine-specific hydrophilic reagent, an ethylenediaminetriacetic acid-Fe3+ complex (EDTA-Fe) was covalently attached to a single genetically engineered cysteine residue in staphylococcal nuclease. Upon ad…
We report studies of the electrochemical intercalation of lithium in ${\mathrm{WO}}_{3}$ powder and in polycrystalline evaporated ${\mathrm{WO}}_{3}$ films. Electrochemical cells with beryllium x-ray windows were used to study the structure changes in the ${\mathrm{WO}}_{3}$ host in situ. Rietveld profile refinement w…
We describe an efficient implementation of the quadratic response function for a multiconfiguration self-consistent field reference wave function. The quadratic response function determines the hyperpolarizability and its residues determine the two-photon transition matrix elements and the transition matrix elements b…
Two models to reproduce experimental inelastic-electron-scattering cross sections determined from reflection-electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (REELS) are considered. The models take into account the momentum transfer in the inelastic processes. Inputs for the models are the dielectric function and the inelastic elect…
Ion beam assisted evaporation was used to deposit cubic and hexagonal boron nitride thin films. Boron was evaporated and bombardment was by argon and nitrogen ions. The effect of preparation conditions on the resulting phase was studied, and the relationship between the phase and the energy and momentum transferred in…
Two possible joints between different types of carbon tubules are discussed. Both joints introduce a single pentagon-heptagon pair into the perfect hexagon bonding pattern of the two tubules. These two types of joints can be used to form composite tubules in which every carbon atom is threefold coordinated. The first…
Using well-defined samples of SnO and ${\mathrm{SnO}}_{2}$, we have focused our attention on the way the two tin oxides could be distinguished using x-ray-photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). Polycrystalline SnO, oxidized in air to give ${\mathrm{SnO}}_{2}$, sputtered by argon-ion bombardment to give SnO and single-cryst…
The electronic structures of some possible carbon fibers nucleated from the hemisphere of a ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule are presented. A one-dimensional electronic band-structure model of such carbon fibers, having not only rotational symmetry but also screw axes, is derived by folding the two-dimensional energy band…
Aluminosilicate molecular sieves with the FAU structure have been crystallized in the presence of several metallophthalocyanines. A percentage of the complexes becomes included into the zeolites. The synthesis of NaX around the metal chelate represents a new method for encapsulating such complexes and modifying zeolit…
Transmission measurements in the spectral range of 400-900 nm in conjunction with the Kramers-Kronig relation were used in calculating the optical constants (the refractive index n and the absorption index k) of In 2 Se 3 thin films deposited at room temperature on a glass substrate. The refractive index n has anomalo…
This chapter will provide a brief overview about the various strategies aimed at structural control of extended assemblies. The systems under consideration evolve in their dimensionality from
This chapter will provide a brief overview about the various strategies aimed at structural control of extended assemblies. The systems under consideration evolve in their dimensionality from (i) Two-Dimensional Assemblies: Thin Films, to (ii) Layered and Low-Dimensional Structures, and (iii) Three-Dimensional Framewo…
We have succeeded in measuring the polar anchoring energy of a nematic liquid crystal (5CB) aligned on rubbed polyimide films. The polar anchoring energy gradually weakens with increasing temperature and tends to zero as the nematic-isotropic (NI) transition temperature (35.3 °C) is approached. This indicates a strong…
A cathodic arc with beam filter is employed for the deposition of hydrogen-free amorphous carbon films. A linear filter is used to prevent macroparticles and nonionized carbon atoms from reaching the substrate. The deposited films are characterized by their optical and mechanical behavior. Depending on the deposition…
An interatomic potential for carbon is developed that is based on an empirical tight-binding approach. The model reproduces accurately the energy-versus-volume diagram of carbon polytypes and gives a good description of the phonons and elastic constants for carbon in the diamond and graphite structures. To test the tr…
A spatial light modulator design consisting of cascaded or sandwiched layers of ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC's) is investigated. The interrelation between the FLC material, the polarization of the incident illumination, and the achievable modulation states is characterized. Magnitude modulation is accomplished b…
Studies in heterogeneous catalysis have long speculated on or have provided indirect evidence for the role of hydrogen embedded in the catalyst bulk as a primary reactant. This report describes experiments carried out under single-collision conditions that document the distinctive reactivity of hydrogen embedded in th…