Materials Literature
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Luminescent Y 3 Al 5 O 12 : Eu 3+ (YAG : Eu 3+ ) and Y 3 Al 5 O 12 : Tb 3+ (YAG : Tb 3+ ) powders with nanometre and micrometre-sized particles and films have been successfully synthesized by sol–gel route from alkoxide precursors. Advanced YAG coatings were achieved by spray and dip-coating methods, giving rise to di…
Multilayer films were assembled from a copolymer containing both weakly and strongly charged pendant groups, poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSMA), deposited in alternation with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The strongly charged groups (styrene sulfonate, SS) are expected to form electrostatic li…
Transparent glass ceramics containing CaF 2 nano‐crystals co‐doped with Er–Yb were developed by heat treatment of glasses in the system SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –CaF 2 –LnF 3 (Ln=Er, Yb). The crystal size of CaF 2 increased with increasing heat‐treatment temperature. Upconversion emission intensities at 660 and 540 nm increase…
The inclusion of dopants (such as nitrogen) in diamond nanoparticles is expected to be important for use in future nanodevices, such as qubits for quantum computing. Although most commercial diamond nanoparticles contain a small fraction of nitrogen, it is still unclear whether it is located within the core or at the…
Expansion to a total of 11-17 sequential alanine residues from the normal number of 10 in the polyadenine-binding protein nuclear-1 (PABPN1) results in formation of intranuclear, fibrillar inclusions in skeletal muscle and hypothalamic neurons in adult-onset, dominantly inherited oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OP…
The sinterabilities of fine zirconia powders including 5 mass% Y 2 O 3 were investigated, with emphasis on the effect of Al 2 O 3 at the initial sintering stage. The shrinkage of powder compact was measured under constant rates of heating (CRH). The powder compact including a small amount of Al 2 O 3 increased the den…
Rare‐earth‐doped Ca‐α‐SiAlON phosphors, with the compositions of (Ca 1−3/2 x RE x ) m /2 Si 12− m − n Al m+n O n N 16− n (RE=Ce, Sm, and Dy, 0.5≤ m =2 n ≤3.0), were prepared by sintering at 1700°C for 2 h under 10 atm N 2 . The concentration of rare earths varied from 3 to 30 at.% with respect to Ca. The photoluminesc…
Replacement of natural inorganic cations of clay minerals with organic cations has been proposed as a strategy to improve the adsorptive capacity of clay minerals for organic compounds, including pesticides. The organic cations most commonly used for this purpose have been quaternary ammonium ions containing alkyl or…
The local structural environment and the spatial distribution of the lithium ions in lithium silicate glasses with composition ${({\mathrm{Li}}_{2}\mathrm{O})}_{x}{({\mathrm{SiO}}_{2})}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}(0<x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.40)$ is studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics (MD) simu…
The influence of the primary structures of plant (Canavalia ensiformis) and bacterial (Bacillus pasteurii) ureases on the precipitation of calcium carbonate polymorphs in solutions of calcium salts and urea at room temperature was investigated. Despite a similar catalytic function in the decomposition of urea, these u…
Heterogeneous catalytic reactions involved in the vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) or solution−liquid−solid (SLS) growth of 1-D nanostructures have been intensively investigated in recent years. But how to control the homogeneous catalytic route and apply it to design new structures of materials has rarely been discussed. In…
Hybrid fuel-cell–gas-turbine (FC/GT) systems are technologically advanced systems that are promising for electric power generation with ultralow emissions and high efficiency for a large range of power plant sizes. A good understanding of the steady-state and dynamic performance of a FC/GT system is needed in order to…
A recently developed multiscale coarse-graining procedure [Izvekov, S.; Voth, G. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 2469] is extended to derive coarse-grained models for nanoparticles. The methodology is applied to C(60) and to carbonaceous nanoparticles produced in combustion environments. The coarse-graining of the inte…
The colloidal stability, phase behavior, and solubility of silica nanoparticles (3-10 nm) that are formed in basic solutions of monovalent cations (primarily tetrapropylammonium) are investigated using a combination of chemical equilibria and electrostatic models. The free-energy gain associated with the formation of…
We investigated the effect of humidity on the electrical transport properties of single-walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors (SWNT-FETs). Water molecules are found to behave as electron donors to the nanotube: Current through the p-type carbon nanotube device is found to decrease under a modest humidity, an…
A thermodynamic model is presented that describes the polarization and the dielectric response of ferroelectric-paraelectric bilayers and multilayers. It is shown that a strong electrostatic coupling between the layers results in the suppression of ferroelectricity at a critical paraelectric layer thickness. The bilay…
The formation of CdS nanotetrahedrons, pencil-shaped nanorods, tetrapods, prickly spheres, and high aspect-ratio hexagonal nanoprisms has been, respectively, achieved by adjusting the ratio of two solvents ethylenediamine and ethylene glycol under the solvothermal condition. None of the surfactants or other templates…
We analyze the jamming transition that occurs as a function of increasing packing density in a disordered two-dimensional assembly of disks at zero temperature for "Point J" of the recently proposed jamming phase diagram. We measure the total number of moving disks and the transverse length of the moving region, and f…
Symmetry and physical aspects of 'forbidden' reflections excited by a local polarization anisotropy of the X-ray susceptibility are surveyed. Such reflections are observed near absorption edges where the anisotropy is caused by distortions of the atomic electronic states owing to interaction with neighbouring atoms. A…
We report on a specific growth procedure combining low-temperature growth of ZnMgO and postgrowth annealing at intermediate temperatures. Despite the large lattice misfit induced by the sapphire substrate, layer-by-layer growth is accomplished up to the phase-separation limit found at a c-lattice constant of 0.5136nm…