Materials Literature
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On a Si(111) vicinal face near the structural transition temperature, the $1 \times 1$ structure and the $7 \times 7$ structure coexist in a terrace: the $1 \times 1$ structure is in the lower side of the step edge and the $7 \times 7$ structure in the upper side. The diffusion coefficient of adatoms is different in t…
We study the half-breathing phonon in the three-band model of a high temperature superconductor, allowing for vibrations of atoms and resulting changes of hopping parameters. Two different approaches are compared. From the three-band model a t-J model with phonons can be derived, and phonon properties can be calculate…
electromagnetic field distributions are found for frequencies slightly under one hundred giga Hertz, using a left handed substrate in a microstrip guided wave structure
We report the synthesis of colloidal Mn2+-doped ZnO (Mn2+:ZnO) quantum dots and the preparation of room-temperature ferromagnetic nanocrystalline thin films. Mn2+:ZnO nanocrystals were prepared by a hydrolysis and condensation reaction in DMSO under atmospheric conditions. Synthesis was monitored by electronic absorpt…
Inhomogeneously doped thermoelectric nanomaterials with a delta-function electronic density of states can operate with Carnot efficiency in the absence of phonon heat leaks. Here we self-consistently calculate the efficiency and power from open-circuit to short-circuit of a simple model of a thermoelectric nanomateria…
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) of elastic tissues is strong and flexible and supports cell adhesion and enzymatic matrix remodeling. In an attempt to convey these ECM properties to a synthetic scaffold appropriate for soft tissue engineering applications, a biodegradable, elastomeric poly(ester urethane)urea (P…
New interesting α-SiAlON:Eu-based yellow oxynitride phosphors with the formula (Ca x Eu y )Si 12 - 2 x - 3 y Al 2 x +3 y O y N 16 - y ( x = 0.2−2.2, y = 0−0.25) have been prepared, and the effects of the activator concentration and the overall composition of the host lattice on optical properties have been investigate…
The largest known Dy–Mn complex is [DyIII6MnIII4MnIV2(H2shi)4(Hshi)2(shi)10] (H3shi is salicylhydroxamic acid; see stereopicture). The Dy ions are arranged in a nearly planar hexagonal ring and are capped on opposite sides by a MnIII2MnIV trimer. This mixed-metal topology provides a new structure class for the examina…
A review of electrochromic (EC) polymers and their applications in absorption/transmission, reflective, and patterned electrochromic devices (ECDs) is presented. Fundamental properties of EC materials such as optical contrast, coloration efficiency, switching speed, and stability are described along with the commonly…
A versatile self-assembly process for preparing nanoscale “sandwich” layer arrays(see Figure) by incorporating bimetal solid solutions into a biological system is reported. Collagen was used as the biological scaffold, and also to control the growth of various metal nanocrystals in an exact arrangement, using two unif…
The influence of the charge transfer between metal and oxygen atoms on the EELS integrated cross sections has been studied experimentally and theoretically in titanium and manganese oxides of different valence. It is demonstrated that the behavior of the metal ${L}_{2,3}$ integrated cross section can be connected with…
Abstract A novel fluorinated aromatic dianhydride, 4,4′‐[2,2,2‐trifluoro‐1‐(3‐trifluoromethyl‐phenyl)ethylidene]diphthalic anhydride (TFDA) was synthesized by coupling of 3′‐trifluoromethyl‐2,2,2‐trifluoroacetophenone with o ‐xylene under the catalysis of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, followed by oxidation of KMnO 4…
Many novel applications of silver become possible if silver nanotubes can be produced reliably and easily. A simple, template-assisted procedure is reported here. The Figure shows a scanning electron microscopy image of one of the silver nanotubes, which was broken by ultrasonic vibration, demonstrating that the nanos…
We present experimental results on the dynamics of wormlike micellar filaments surrounded by an immiscible viscous bulk fluid. For certain concentrations, these filaments develop a beads-on-string structure previously observed only in polymer jets and filaments surrounded by air. By taking advantage of the longer time…
In Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus, oxaloacetate synthesis is a major and essential CO(2)-fixation reaction. This methanogenic archaeon possesses two oxaloacetate-synthesizing enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from this organism was purified t…
Annealing of alpha-lactose monohydrate at 408 K yielded a mixture of this compound with hygroscopic anhydrous alpha-lactose. A powder X-ray diffraction pattern of this mixture was recorded at room temperature. The starting structural model of hygroscopic alpha-lactose was found by a Monte Carlo simulated-annealing met…
Summary Lime, gypsum and various gypsum‐like by‐products have long been applied to soil surfaces as ameliorants of soil acidity and aluminium and manganese toxicity. We examined changes in chemical and mineralogical properties at two different depths in two acid soils one year after the application of gypsum, phosphog…
Abstract A hydroxy‐functionalized bipyridine ligand was polymerized with ε‐caprolactone utilizing the controlled ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of stannous octoate. The resulting poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐containing bipyridine was characterized by 1 H NMR and IR spectroscopy, and gel permeati…
Carbon nanotube tips (see Figure) with controllable length, diameter, and orientation have been fabricated by the dielectrophoresis process. They are capable of delivering high and stable electron-field-emission currents of 3–5 μA (105 A cm–2). The emitters can potentially be used as the field-emission electron source…
Abstract SnS nanorods and nanoparticles were synthesized by thiourea hydrolysis in an autoclave at 180 °C within a time window of 2 and 8 h, respectively. In the absence of added structure-directing agent, the nanorods formation was attributed to templating characteristic of ammonium ion produced in situ during hydrol…