Welding of stainless steels. Duplex and superduplex steels
(2000). Welding of stainless steels. Duplex and superduplex steels. Welding International: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 5-11.
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XPS and X-ray AES(XAES) Study of Various Aluminate Compounds.
X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and X-ray Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES) were used for investigating the chemical and structural states of various aluminates. A clear chemical shift in Al modified Auger parameter (AP) for coordination state of Al atom was observed. For similar chemical composition, the AP of tetrahedral…
Chemical degradation of polyurethanes: Degradation of flexible polyester polyurethane foam by phosphonic acid dialkyl esters
Flexible polyurethane foam based on toluene diisocyanate and polyester polyol has been liquefied by treatment with either dimethyl phosphonate (CH3O)2P(O)H or diethyl phosphonate (C2H5O)2P(O)H at 160°C. The product degraded has been studies by 1H, 13C, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The likely…
Binding of selected carbohydrates to apo-concanavalin A studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to investigate the binding of selected carbohydrates to different multimeric forms of apo-concanavalin A (apo-Con A). Information on the stoichiometry of the different quaternary Con A complexes, bound to high-affinity carbohydrate ligands, could be derived from the m…
Chromium-(II) and -(III) over a planar oxo surface modelled by calix[4]arene anions: redox chemistry and formation of Cr–C functionalities
The metallation of [p-Butcalix[4](ONa)2(OMe)2] 1 was performed using [CrCl3(THF)3] and the resulting complex [Cr{p-Butcalix[4](O)2(OMe)2}(Cl)(THF)] 2 allowed entry into low valent and organometallic chemistry of chromium. In the presence of strong bases or nucleophiles the ligand underwent demethylation exemplified by…
Equation for Estimating the Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus and Vickers Hardness of Aluminosilicate Glasses
The Young’s modulus, shear modulus and Vickers hardness of alkali oxide-, alkaline earth oxide- and rare earth oxide-aluminosilicate glasses were measured. For the direct calculation of these properties from the glass composition, semi-empirical equations expressed in terms of the product of the apparent Madelung cons…
Analytical Model of Tire Cavity Resonance and Coupled Tire/Cavity Modal Model
Abstract The acoustic resonance of the air cavity in the tire/wheel assembly may be a contributor to vehicle interior noise through the structure‐borne noise transmission path. This problem has been examined in the past using approximate closed form solutions (based on plane wave theory for a two‐tube model) and numer…
Nanoheterogeneities in PEO/PMMA blends: A modulated differential scanning calorimetry approach
Modulated differential scanning calorimetry has been carried out on melt-mixed blends of poly(ethylene oxide)/atactic-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PEO/PMMA). Two PEO molecular weights have been used to prepare blends in the concentration range 10 to 80 wt % of PEO. Two glass transitions temperatures were observed for th…
The Effects and Economic Impact of Corrosion
Abstract Corrosion can be defined as a chemical or electrochemical reaction between a material, usually a metal, and its environment that produces a deterioration of the material and its properties. This chapter describes the effects and economic impact of corrosion in major industrial plants. The emphasis in this cha…
Surface study of perfluoropolyether-urethane cross-linked polymers
A surface study of two different monocomponent polyurethane coatings containing perfluoropolyether macromers is presented. Different techniques were used in order to investigate the structural characteristics of the two polymers. In particular, transmission infrared spectroscopy provided information about the chemical…
Theoretical determination of the vibrational and electronic (hyper)polarizabilities of C4H4X (X=O, S, Se, Te) heterocycles
Electronic, pure vibrational and dispersion contributions to the linear polarizability, α, and first hyperpolarizability, β, of the group 16 chalcogenides C4H4X (X=O, S, Se, Te) have been studied by ab initio calculations using the 6-31G*, the Sadlej POL, correlation consistent Dunning and aug-CEP-31G basis sets. Elec…
Thermotropic and lyotropic behavior of novel amphiphilic liquid crystals having hydrophilic poly(ethyleneimine) units
Novel ionic amphotropic liquid crystals, in which a hydrophilic poly(ethyleneimine) chain with hydroxy side-groups was attached to an azobenzene mesogenic core through an alkylene chain, showed a thermotropic smectic A mesophase and lyotropic smectic A and C mesophases.
Catalytic pyrolysis of polyvinylchloride in the presence of metal chloride
The pyrolysis of polyvinylchloride (PVC) was studied in a quartz reactor with and without the addition of metal chlorides as catalysts. The results indicated that the addition of metal chlorides such us ZnCl2 or BaCl2 decreased the temperature of dehydrochlorination of PVC. The introduction of H2 in pyrolysis enhanced…
Methylsiloxane Spin-on-Glass Films for Low Dielectric Constant Interlayer Dielectrics
A new spin‐on‐glass (SOG) solution has been obtained by the hydrolysis of methyltriethoxysilane and dimethoxymethyl‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropylsilane. When the SOG film is cured at 360°C, it contains both trifluoropropyl and methyl groups and exhibits the dielectric constant of 3.0. Curing the SOG film at 450°C in nitrogen…
2-Hydroxyacetophenone-aroyl Hydrazone Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Copper Dissolution in Nitric Acid Solution
The effect of 2-hydroxyacetophenone-aroyl hydrazone derivatives on the inhibition of copper corrosion in 3N nitric acid solution at 303 K was investigated by galvanostatic polarization and thermometric techniques. A significant decrease in the corrosion rate of copper was observed in the presence of the investigated c…
Alkaline surface modification of sugar cane bagasse
One of the most important issues in producing composite materials is fibre sizing, due to the usual incompatibility between the fibres and the matrix. In the present work, the evaluation of an alkaline surface treatment of sugar cane bagasse fibres through Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), X-ray microanalysis, Fourie…
Liquid Crystal Flow: Dynamic and Static Configurations
We consider a system modeling the flow of nematic liquid crystals with variable degrees of orientation. Although the set of constitutive equations involves many different parameters, the flow behavior is determined mostly by three nondimensional parameters, i.e., the Ericksen number, the Reynolds number, and the inter…
Chelating dihydroxamic acids: study of metal speciation and co-ordination compounds with Ni2+ and Cu2+
Solution (potentiometric, absorption, EPR) as well as solid state studies (X-ray, EPR, magnetic susceptibility) have shown that the binding ability of oxalodihydroxamic acid (H2oxha) with two hydroxamic groups next to each other differs distinctly from that observed for aliphatic dihydroxamic acids, HONHOC(CH2)nCONHOH…
An Experimental Study of Removing Iron Sulfide Scale from Well Tubulars
This paper describes the effect of chemical interactions on the efficiency of removing iron sulfide scale. Most types of iron sulfide can be removed by inorganic acids. A corrosion inhibitor (amine-type chemical) is added to the acid to protect the well tubulars. In addition, a hydrogen sulfide scavenger (aldehyde typ…
Failure mechanisms and recent improvements in ZnO arrester elements
ZnO arrester elements can fail by a number of mechanisms, including electrothermal instability and thermal stress-induced mechanical cracking in this brittle ceramic. Breakdown channels at the edge of the electrode are among the most common failure mechanisms at high currents. Such failures take the form of a melt pun…