Materials Literature
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If a stress σ is applied to a polycrystal of grain size L, the mode of creep deformation depends on the answers to the following questions: (I) Does σ exceed the Peierls stress σp; (II) Does L exceed the dislocation spacing in a Taylor lattice stabilized by σp; (III) Does Lσ exceed the value required for a Frank-Read…
Methylene chloride is used as softening agent for guttapercha and as adhesion promotor for polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). However, methylene chloride has been found to be carcinogenic. It was the aim of the present work to search for harmless substitutes for methylene chloride in these situations. A number of possible…
The structure particular to layer aluminumsilicates is discussed permitting the intercalation of polymers. This process ultimately leads to nanocomposites that exhibit interesting properties. It will be shown that many improvements of physical properties can be achieved by polymer-clay nanocomposites.
Dendritic macromolecules are hyperbranched polymers that emanate from a central core, have a defined number of generations and functional end groups, and are synthesized in a stepwise process by a repetitive reaction sequence. This hyperbranched topology results in a unique series of physical and chemical properties e…
Die Kombination rasterkraftmikroskopischer (AFM) und elektrochemischer Untersuchungen ermöglicht die in situ Beobachtung lokaler Korrosionserscheinungen, wie beispielsweise der interkristallinen Korrosion (IK) austenitischer Chrom-Nickel-Stähle. Für austenitische Stähle besteht ein eindeutiger Zusammenhang zwischen de…
Ercitite, ideally Na Mn 3+ (PO 4 ) (OH) (H 2 O) 2 , is a new mineral species from the Tanco pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba. Ercitite forms 200–400 μm irregular aggregates of lath-like crystals in fan-like divergent sprays. The mineral occurs in a 5-cm nodule embedded in a quartz + spodumene pseudomorph after petalit…
The effectiveness of fireproof intumescent coatings based on water glass can be considerably increased if the coagulated sodium water glass is used as an intumescent component. When heated, the coagulated sodium water glass creates a steam-gas cloud above the protected surface which together with foam formation decrea…
Sodium p-nitrophenolate dihydrate single crystals possess excellent nonlinear optical properties such that they can be used for optical second-harmonic generation. It belongs to the orthorhombic system with the space group $\mathrm{Ima}2.$ Slow evaporation or slow cooling techniques can be used to grow good optical qu…
The dichloromethane extract from the dried flowers of Heterotheca inuloides Cass. was investigated on several pharmacological models of inflammation in vivo and in vitro . It showed anti-inflammatory activity on the croton oil-induced oedema test in mouse ear, at 1 mg/ear. The compound isolated from this extract, 7-hy…
For most alkoxycyanobiphenyls (3OCB, 5OCB, 6OCB, 7OCB and 9OCB) it has been observed that slow or delayed cooling gave rise to a lower melting crystalline polymorphic form which then slowly converted into the higher melting stable crystalline structure. Although under slow evaporation from a solvent, polymorphic cryst…
Abstract The occurrence of transesterification reactions in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) blends prepared in presence of triphenyl phosphite (TPP) was investigated. When PEN was processed with TPP, which is a known chain extender for PET, chain extension reactions also took place.…
Atomistic simulation techniques are now able to model the structure of mineral surfaces at the atomic level. In this paper we begin to address the question of whether surface reactivity can be studied reliably by modelling the surface reactivity of calcite, fluorite and forsterite under aqueous conditions. We first us…
Abstract Hydrothermal reactions between aqueous Na2MoO4, Na2ESO3 (E = S, Se) and hydrazine monohydrate at 135 °C for 12 h produce phase-pure MoS2 and MoSe2 with good yield of about 90%. X-Ray powder diffraction, chemical analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure and composit…
Scoured silk fibre was dissolved in a solution of calcium chloride in water and ethanol. After dialysis against purified water, theophylline as model drug was added to the solution. Silk microspheres prepared after spray-drying were round but somewhat wrinkled; their diameter was 5 μm (approx.). According to powder X-…
We have fabricated oriented copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) films by vacuum deposition on rubbed polyimide (PI) alignment layers. It was found that the b -axis of α-type CuPc microcrystals changes its direction depending on the thickness of PI layers, namely, the b -axis is perpendicular to the rubbing direction on a thi…
The epitaxial Bain path (EBP) of antiferromagnetic (AF) tetragonal Mn has been found by first-principles total-energy calculations using the full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave (FLAPW) method with two different potentials: (1) the local-spin-density-approximation without relativistic corrections (LSDA-NREL)…
Abstract The focused ion beam(FIB) technique, developed for the microelectronics industry has become a major method for site specific transmission electron microscopy(TEM) specimen preparation in a wide range of materials[l]. The FIB lift-out technique has improved the specimen preparation procedures by removing compl…
Abstract Crystals of Hg 2 (H 2 AsO 4 )2 , which are isotypic with the corresponding dihydrogenphosphate Hg 2 (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , were obtained from a concentrated arsenic acid solution. The crystal structure (P2 1 /n, a = 6.1838(4), b = 15.0987(9), c = 4.7989(3) Å, β = 91.977(1)°, Z = 2, R = 0.045 for 1318 structure facto…
There are plans at ASDEX Upgrade to cover the heat shield of the inner main chamber wall with tungsten coated graphite tiles. Four tiles were installed at different poloidal positions of the heat shield and removed after a full experimental campaign. The tiles were analysed by means of Rutherford backscattering (RBS)…
We report the results of a high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of polymerised CsC 60 in the temperature range 4 to 40 K. Its crystal structure is monoclinic (space group I 2/ m ), isostructural with RbC 60 . Below 14 K, a spontaneous thermal contraction is observed along both the polymer chain a…