Materials Literature
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We have measured and analyzed the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) of BaTiO3 at the barium k edge and the X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) at the titanium K edge. Our structural data show that the sequence of phase transitions in this material as the temperature increases is explained by a…
Self heating diminishes the reliability of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) transistors, particularly those that must withstand electrostatic discharge (ESD) pulses. This problem is alleviated by lateral thermal conduction in the silicon device layer, whose thermal conductivity is not known. The present work develops a tech…
We demonstrate that the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to control the shape and position of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed on a surface. Specifically we can bend, straighten, translate, rotate, and under certain conditions cut nanotubes. Such manipulations are feasible due to th…
We report the effect of interfaces (and thus internal surface area effects) on the value of dielectric constant (K′) calculated from capacitance and geometry data for sub-micron barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics prepared with decreasing grain size (and grain volumes). A series model is proposed to explain the decreasi…
Experimental, phenomenological, and theoretical analyses are given of the dependence on strain of the ferromagnetic Tc of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) rare earth manganese perovskites. It is found that Tc is extremely sensitive to biaxial strain; by implication other physical properties are also. The results i…
The paper introduces a systematic procedure to coarse grain atomistic polymer models into a mesoscopic model, which then allows an effective and fast simulation of melts. The method, which provides information on both static and dynamic properties, is tested for three different modifications of polycarbonate. The mode…
Monodispersed nanoparticles of cobalt have been prepared by an original method using the decomposition under hydrogen of an organometallic precursor in the presence of a stabilizing polymer. Two colloids (Coll-I and Coll-II) have been obtained by changing the organometallic concentration in the polymer. Observation by…
The Raman-active phonons in orthorhombic perovskitelike ${\mathrm{YMnO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$ were studied by measuring Raman spectra in various scattering configurations. The experimental Raman line wave numbers and the expected shapes for the phonon modes were compared to those reported for other perovski…
The parent compound of the giant magnetoresistance Mn-perovskite, ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$, has been studied by thermal analysis and high-resolution neutron-powder diffraction. The orthorhombic $\mathrm{Pbnm}$ structure at room temperature is characterized by an antiferrodistorsive orbital ordering due to the Jahn-Telle…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMain-Group Element, Organic, and Organometallic Derivatives of PolyoxometalatesPierre Gouzerh and Anna ProustView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie des Métaux de Transition, URA CNRS No. 419, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, Fra…
Methods developed originally to analyze domain motions from simulation [Proteins 27:425-437, 1997] are adapted and extended for the analysis of X-ray conformers and for proteins with more than two domains. The method can be applied as an automatic procedure to any case where more than one conformation is available. Th…
Photopolymerized crosslinked networks of poly(ethylene glycol; PEG) diacrylate (MW 8000) were derivitized throughout their bulk with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide sequences. Incorporation was achieved by functionalizing the amine terminus of the peptide with an acrylate moiety, thereby enabling the adhesion pep…
The amount of plasma protein adsorbed on a phospholipid polymer having a 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) moiety was reduced compared to the amount of protein adsorbed onto poly[2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)], poly[n-butyl methacrylate (BMA)], and BMA copolymers with acrylamide (AAm) or N-vinyl pyrr…
A study of four Gd samples of different purities using ac susceptibility, magnetization, heat capacity, and direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect in quasistatic and pulse magnetic fields revealed that all techniques yield the same value of the zero-field Curie temperature of 294(1) K. The Curie temperature…
A new method for exact analytical calculation of the accessible surface areas and their gradients with respect to atomic coordinates is described. The new surface routine, GETAREA, finds solvent-exposed vertices of intersecting atoms, and thereby avoids calculating buried vertices which are not needed to determine the…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical Properties of Polyoxometalates as ElectrocatalystsMasahiro Sadakane and Eberhard SteckhanView Author Information Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121, Bonn, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyoxometalates in MedicineJeffrey T. Rhule, Craig L. Hill, Deborah A. Judd, and Raymond F. SchinaziView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Departm…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalysis by Heteropoly Acids and Multicomponent Polyoxometalates in Liquid-Phase ReactionsIvan V. KozhevnikovView Author Information Leverhulme Centre for Innovative Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK Cite this: Chem. Rev.…
Nonisothermal melt crystallization kinetics of PEDEKmK linked by meta-phenyl and biphenyl was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A convenient and reasonable kinetic approach was used to describe the nonisothermal melt crystallization behavior, and its applicability was verified when the modified…
Irradiation of porous (with porosity in excess of 70%) silicon target with femtosecond laser pulses of 10 16 W cm -2 intensity increased by a factor of 3.5 the efficiency of generation of hard x-ray radiation with photon energies E > 8 keV. The increase was 30-fold for E > 2.5 keV. The relationship between this effect…