Materials Literature
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Direct selective gas-phase epoxidation of propene with commercially viable conversion has been achieved with catalysts consisting of gold nanoparticles (3–5 nm) supported on large-pore (>7 nm) silylated mesoporous titanosilicates with Ba(NO3)2 as a promoter. The picture provides a plausible mechanism for the synergeti…
A new approach to fabricate polyelectrolyte microcapsules is based on exploiting porous inorganic microparticles of calcium carbonate. Porous CaCO3 microparticles (4.5-5.0 microns) were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method of nitrogen adsorption/desorption…
Increasing population and a rising necessity for mobility and transportation require a growing environment protection. In the USA and in Europe legislative concluded new emission limits to reduce cold start emissions for passenger cars. A useful method to reduce HC and CO during the cold start of combustion engines is…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The current paper presents improvements of a previous single-degree-of-freedom lumped parameter model with a nonlinear spring that could be used for preliminary design of headform impact safety countermeasures for normal impact with negligible headform rotation.</div> <di…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Automotive manufacturers are continually pushing for reduced cost, increased fuel economy, lower emissions and improved performance. Magnesium is the lightest structural metal and has therefore enjoyed a double-digit annual growth in automotive applications since 1990, aimed at re…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The application of two-component polyurethane (PU) foam materials for acoustical and structural performance enhancements in vehicle structures have increased significantly in the past ten years. The benefits include NVH management (through effective cavity sealing), body stiffness…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Natural fiber mat (NMT) composites are ecologically and energetically beneficial because of their light-weight at high fibre content. This study demonstrated that the use of loose natural fibre in NMT process could lead to tremendous improvement in the shock absorption properties.…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A simplified LCA model of a car, where the main body material is a parameter and only the GHG impact is calculated, has been built in order to investigate broad assumptions on material production and recycling. Indeed the benefits from weight reduction can be counterbalanced by th…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Fuel slosh inside an automotive fuel tank was found to generate unpleasant noise. This paper presents the analysis of several baffle designs to suppress the fuel slosh by using a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics software, FLOW-3D<sup>®</sup>, and performing slos…
Abstract A new approach for obtaining elastic polyimide‐silica composites using a silanol sol prepared from water glass and the imide‐containing elastic polymers (IEPs) with polytetramethyleneoxide (PTMO) soft‐segment was investigated. Methods of increasing the degree of compatibility between the silica phase prepared…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">As vehicle manufacturers continue to become more aggressive with the styling of new vehicles, bumper system technologies will be required to find new solutions that fit into the reduced package spaces while continuing to meet the vehicle performance and cost requirements. The purp…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Much has been written over the years regarding the advantages of using microcellular polyurethane (MPU) within the area of chassis and suspension systems. However, there have been limited discussions in an open forum of the geometric design requirements for MPU jounce bumpers. The…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper deals with optimized fastening of magnesium components to overcome serious problems in practice. For this, fasteners made of aluminum have significant advantages compared to conventional steel fasteners. The reasons are shown to the reader; calculations and established…
Abstract Polyurethane foams with different formulations were synthesized and characterized for use as supporting matrices of granular solid adsorbents. The open cell content, specific gravity, thermal stability, and hydrophobicity were determined and related to the formulation composition. The synthesized foams had op…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Within JIS-SUJ2 (SAE52100 equivalent) bearing steel, we have succeeded in producing a prior-austenite grain size of approximately 5 μm in diameter (half that of the conventional grain size). It is believed that the packet or block size of the martensite decreases proportionally wi…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Very stringent limits for exhaust gas emissions as well as high claims for onboard diagnosis (OBD) of the three-way catalytic converter (TWC) demand a sophisticated control and observer strategy which can both further reduce the exhaust gas emissions and also estimate the relevant…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The maximum liquid-phase penetration and vaporization behavior was investigated by using simultaneous measurement for mie-scattered light images and shadowgraph ones. The objective of this study was to analyze effect of variant parameters (injection pressure, ambient gas condition…
Abstract A lack of processability is one of the major problems associated with practical applications of conductive and electroactive polypyrrole. Polypyrrole nanoparticles that were sterically stabilized in a solution and supported by an amphiphilic elastomer of poly(ethylene glycol) ( M n 2000 g mol −1 )/poly(tetram…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">We, at Toyota, have been working to develop a new DPNR (Diesel Particulate-NOx Reduction) system to decrease both PM and NOx emissions by combining the NOx storage-reduction catalyst for direct injection gasoline engines with the most advanced engine control technologies.</div&…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a 3-D CFD modelling of flow and heterogeneous reactions in catalytic converters. The pressure and velocity fields in the catalytic converters are calculated by the state of the art modelling technique for the flow resistance of catalyst substrate. A surface rea…