Materials Literature
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Tridentate Schiff base calcium derivatives have been prepared and shown to be very effective catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of both lactides and trimethylene carbonate to produce high molecular weight polymers with narrow polydispersity. Optimization of the calcium catalyst was achieved changing the imine b…
We have investigated two alternative mechanisms for the ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide using a guanidine-based catalyst, the first involving acetyl transfer to the catalyst, and the second involving only hydrogen bonding to the catalyst. Using computational chemistry methods, we show that the hydrogen bondin…
Many solvents suitable for wet or dry spinning of cellulose and cellulose derivatives have also been investigated as solvents for electrospinning. Solvents for cellulose are not completely volatile and have required coagulation steps to ensure complete removal of the solvent from electrospun fibers and produce stable…
A polar oxide ZnSnO3 was synthesized by a solid-state reaction under a pressure of 7 GPa and a temperature of 1000 degrees C. The crystal structure was determined by Rietveld analysis of the X-ray powder diffraction data. ZnSnO3 has a rhombohedral LiNbO3-type structure with unit cell parameters, a = 0.52622(1) nm, c =…
In the course of searching environmental friendly lead‐free relaxor ferroelectrics a complete phase diagram of barium zirconate titanate, Ba(Zr x Ti 1− x )O 3 system with compositions 0.00≤ x ≤1.00 has been developed based on their dielectric behavior. It has been shown that BaZr x Ti 1− x O 3 system depending on the…
Non-durable and semi-durable flame retardants based mostly on phosphate or phosphonate salts continue to be used on infrequently washed or disposable goods, and recent improvements have been made to impart better `hand' or some limited wash resistance. Backcoating with insoluble ammonium polyphosphate, usually with ad…
Graphene has many unique properties which make it an attractive material for fundamental study as well as for potential applications. In this paper, we report the first experimental study of process-induced defects and stress in graphene using Raman spectroscopy and imaging. While defects lead to the observation of de…
Co-crystal screening is routinely undertaken using high-throughput solution growth. We report a low- to medium-throughput approach, encompassing both a melt and solution crystallization step as a route to the identification of co-crystals. Prior to solution studies, a melt growth step was included utilizing the Kofler…
The high strain rate dependence of the flow stress of metals and alloys is described from a dislocation mechanics viewpoint over a range beginning from conventional tension/compression testing through split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) measurements to Charpy pendulum and Taylor solid cylinder impact tests and shock l…
In this study, we report a rapid sonochemical synthesis of monodisperse nonaggregated Fe(3)O(4)@SiO(2) magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). We found that coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in aqueous solutions under the effect of power ultrasound yields smaller Fe(3)O(4) NPs with a narrow size distribution (4-8 nm) compar…
The dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of perovskite ferroelectric and bismuth layered-structured ferroelectric (BLSF) ceramics are described being superior candidates for lead-free piezoelectric materials to reduce environmental damage. Perovskite-type ceramics seem to be suitable for actuator and…
Half of the sun's power lies in the infrared. As a result, the optimal bandgaps for solar cells in both the single-junction and even the tandem architectures lie beyond 850 nm. However, progress in low-cost, large-area, physically flexible solar cells has instead been made in organic and polymer materials possessing a…
Preparation of nanofibers in a core‐sheath configuration, using two dissimilar materials, via a novel technique of co‐axial electrospinning has presented unusual potential for use in many novel applications. The studies have addressed issues related to the technology involved and examined the suitability of the techni…
We report extracellular mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Fusarium acuminatum Ell. and Ev. (USM-3793) isolated from infected ginger (Zingiber officinale). An aqueous silver nitrate solution was reduced to metallic silver when exposed to F. acuminatum cell extract leading to the appearance of a brown color withi…
Electrospinning is a fabrication technique, which can be used to create nanofibrous non‐wovens from a variety of starting materials. The structure, chemical and mechanical stability, functionality, and other properties of the mats can be modified to match end applications. In this review, an introduction to biopolymer…
Halloysite aluminosilicate nanotubes with a 15 nm lumen, 50 nm external diameter, and length of 800 +/- 300 nm have been developed as an entrapment system for loading, storage, and controlled release of anticorrosion agents and biocides. Fundamental research to enable the control of release rates from hours to months…
Drug delivery, magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging, magnetic manipulation, and cell targeting are simultaneously possible using a multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals were encapsulated inside mesostructured silica spheres that were labeled with fluorescent d…
Graphene nanosheets were produced in large quantity via a soft chemistry synthetic route involving graphite oxidation, ultrasonic exfoliation, and chemical reduction. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations show that graphene nanosheets were produced with sizes in the range of tens to…
Noble metal nanostructures attract much interest because of their unique properties, including large optical field enhancements resulting in the strong scattering and absorption of light. The enhancement in the optical and photothermal properties of noble metal nanoparticles arises from resonant oscillation of their f…
Deformation, especially plastic involving shock and impact in crystalline metal and alloy systems, begins as nonlinear dislocation phenomena. In the extreme the regime involves high strains and high-strain rates and can lead variously to shear phenomena involving twinning and microband formation, dynamic recrystalliza…