Materials Literature
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We have studied lasing in dye-doped chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*LCs). To demonstrate the advantages of using a polymer dye, that is highly aligned along the local director of N*LCs, over commercial small molecule dyes such as 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostryl)-4H-pyran (DCM), comparative stud…
Noble Gemini surfactants containing a siloxane moiety have been designed and successfully synthesized in the present study and are utilized as structure-directing agents for mesoporous metal oxides such as zirconia, titania, and vanadia. The siloxane moiety is believed to play an important nano-propping role during th…
A cylindrical lens is demonstrated using two planar substrates and a homogeneous liquid crystal (LC) layer. The top substrate has slit electrodes on its outer surface and the bottom has a transparent electrode on its inner surface. An applied voltage across the cell induces a cylindrical-like gradient refractive index…
A detailed analysis of the polarization characteristics (birefringence) of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide is given. The fundamental TE- and TM-polarized modes of the SOI rib waveguide are calculated by a semivectorial finite-difference method. The rib width and the slab height of the SOI rib waveguide are…
The microscopic structure of Langmuir films of derivatized gold nanoparticles has been studied as a function of area/particle on the water surface. The molecules (AuSHDA) consist of gold particles of mean core diameter D approximately 22 angstroms that have been stabilized by attachment of carboxylic acid terminated a…
We used both localized and periodic calculations on a series of monovalent (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) and divalent (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) cations to monitor their effect on the swelling of clays. The activity order obtained for the exchangeable cations among all the monovalent and divalent series studied: Ca2+ > Sr2+…
Intercalation of metallic oxalato complexes CoOx 2 2 -, CuOx 2 2 -, MnOx 3 3 -, and GaOx 3 3 - in [Zn 2 Al] and [Mg 2 Al] LDHs was successfully carried out leading to well characterized products in which metallic complexes lying between layers were subjected to minor modifications following intercalation as confirmed…
L-lactide was polymerized as concentrated solution in chlorobenzene with Bi(OAc)3 as initiator. When tetra(ethylene glycol) was added as co-initiator (CoI), telechelic polylactides having two CH-OH end groups were obtained. With 1,1,1-tri(hydroxy methyl)propane (THMP) as co-initiator, three-armed stars having three CH…
Abstract Poisson's ratios of cellulose I β and cellulose II were determined for purified ramie and mercerized samples by X‐ray diffractometry. Poisson's ratio was 0.38 for [200]/[004] of cellulose I β and 0.30 for [200]/[004] and 0.46 for [110]/[004] of cellulose II. The smaller [200]/[004] Poisson's ratio for cellulo…
The fluorescence intensity from a planar multilayered system with a chromophore separated from a gold film by a dielectric spacer is measured quantitatively. The direction of excitation and the spacer thickness are varied and the angular distribution of the emission is recorded as well as its polarization. The experim…
Cantilever magnetometry has been used to measure the upper critical magnetic field H(c2) of the quasi-one-dimensional molecular organic superconductor (TMTSF)2ClO4. From simultaneous resistivity and torque magnetization experiments conducted under precise field alignment, H(c2) at low temperature is shown to reach 5 T…
We report here the synthesis of yttrium−aluminum garnet oxide (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 ) nanopowders by liquid-feed flame spray pyrolysis (LF-FSP) of combinations of yttrium and aluminum precursors dissolved in EtOH, n BuOH, and/or THF. These include solutions of the following: yttrium and aluminum nitrates in EtOH or n BuOH; y…
MOTIVATION: Increased efficiency in initial crystallization screening reduces cost and material requirements in structural genomics. Because pH is one of the few consistently reported parameters in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), the isoelectric point (pI) of a protein has been explored as a useful indirect predictor for…
The propagation of plane waves in a Faraday chiral medium is investigated. Conditions for the phase velocity to be directed opposite to the direction of power flow are derived for propagation in an arbitrary direction; simplified conditions which apply to propagation parallel to the distinguished axis are also establi…
The phase-switch Monte Carlo method of Wilding and Bruce [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5138 (2000)] is extended to enable calculation of solid-liquid phase coexistence for soft potentials. The method directly accesses coexistence information about a system while avoiding simulation of the interfacial region. Order parameters…
We discuss the effect of a molecular Bose condensate on the energy of Fermi excitations in a trapped two-component atomic Fermi gas. The single-particle Green's functions can be approximated by the well-known BCS form, in both the BCS (Cooper pairs) and BEC (Feshbach resonance molecules) domains. The composite Bose or…
New telechelic polyisobutylenes (PIB) with hydrogen-bonding motifs were prepared. Nucleobases such as thymine, uracil, and cytosine as well as chelate-type hydrogen-bonding donor−acceptors were affixed onto the end groups of the PIB. Starting with PIB of defined molecular weight, prepared by living cationic polymeriza…
Abstract Coalescence filtration is very effective for the separation of secondary emulsions that contain water droplets with diameters less than 50 μm. The factors that control the performance of coalescer filter media are fiber size and wettability. High wettability materials for water‐in‐oil dispersion promote coale…
A novel collective excitation is predicted to exist at metal surfaces where a two-dimensional surface-state band coexists with the underlying three-dimensional continuum. This is a low-energy acoustic plasmon with linear dispersion at small wave vectors. Since new modern spectroscopies are especially sensitive to surf…
Spin valve ultrafast spin injection devices are described: an amplifier, a frequency multiplier, and a square-law detector. Their operation is based on injection of spin polarized electrons from one ferromagnet to another through a semiconductor layer and spin precession of the electrons in the semiconductor layer in…