Materials Literature
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Abstract This study examined the oxygen‐transport properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate‐ co ‐bibenzoate) (PETBB55) crystallized from the melt (melt crystallization) or quenched to glass and subsequently isothermally crystallized by heating above the glass‐transition temperature (cold crystallization). The gauche–t…
Organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells have been constructed from titanium dioxide and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc). Only modest photocurrents are observed originating from excitation of the ZnPc. The photocurrent is not stable, but is found to decrease when measured in ambient atmosphere. The combined presence of oxygen,…
We demonstrate markedly enhanced adhesion between oxide ceramics and conducting metals via promoting open-shell electronic structure at the interface, by using a more covalent oxide or doping with early transition metals. Open-shell character suppresses closed-shell repulsions and permits local covalent and/or donor-a…
Abstract The mechanical properties of films prepared from model high‐glass‐transition‐temperature ( T g )/low‐ T g latex blends were investigated with tensile testing and dynamic mechanical analysis. Polystyrene (PS; carboxylated and noncarboxylated) and poly( n ‐butyl methacrylate‐co‐ n ‐butyl acrylate) [P(BMA/BA); n…
Silicone-in-fluorocarbon-in-water double emulsions were prepared by controlling carefully the characteristics of the emulsions composed of silicone, perfluoropoly-ethoxymethoxy difluorohydroxyethyl ether (PFPE–OH) and fluorosurfactant. In the emulsion formulation, PFPE–OH incorporated had a great influence on the drop…
A new synthesis of alcohol-soluble antimony-doped tin dioxide nanoparticles is described. The spectroelectrochemical behavior of nanocrystalline thin film electrodes prepared by dip coating from the colloidal solutions is investigated, and the applicability as an electrochromic device is demonstrated. Coloration resul…
Abstract The effects of reprocessing by extrusion for up to four cycles on the structure and mechanical properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) were studied. Reprocessing did not change the chemical structure of the polymer but led to both yellowing and molecular weight reduction. Young's modulus and the…
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Medical procedures, for example, laser angioplasty and extracorporeal lithotripsy as well as high-energy trauma expose human tissues to shock waves (SWs) that may cause tissue injury. The mechanisms for this injury, often affecting blood vessel walls, are poorly understood. Here we sought to…
The low-temperature liquid-liquid phase separation of the partially miscible hexane-nitrobenzene mixture imbibed in porous glasses of different pore sizes from 7 to 130 nm has been studied using 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) cryoporometry and pulse field gradient NMR methods. The mixture was quenched below both…
Abstract Damage to poly(vinylidene fluoride) was studied under uniaxial tension testing at different temperatures and strain rates. A satisfactory accuracy was reached with an original procedure for the assessment of the principal strains and volume strain. The semicrystalline polymer exhibited an increase in the volu…
Lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals with a particle size of 3.3 ± 0.7 nm have been synthesized in a poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) coating on fused silica glass substrates. The coating was dip-coated from a PVA aqueous solution, in which PbS nanocrystals were precipitated and stabilized in the polymer matrix. Third-order nonlin…
Abstract In the present study, blends of starch with different thermoplastics were prepared by a melt blending technique. The tensile properties and morphology of the blends were measured. It was found that with increasing starch content in starch/ionomer blends, the tensile strength and modulus increase. But for star…
We investigate the collective behavior of orbital angular momentum in the spin ferromagnetic state of a Mott insulator with t(2g) orbital degeneracy. The frustrated nature of the interactions leads to an infinite degeneracy of classical states. Quantum effects select four distinct orbital orderings. Two of them have a…
Neutron scattering was used to determine the spin structure and the magnon spectrum of the Mott-Hubbard insulator YTiO3. The magnetic structure is complex, comprising substantial G-type and A-type antiferromagnetic components in addition to the predominant ferromagnetic component. The magnon spectrum, on the other han…
Particles suspended in a nematic liquid crystal exhibit characteristic dipolar and Saturn-ring configurations. Using results on the magnetic-field behavior of these configurations, we explain the recent observation of the Saturn-ring defect in confined geometries based on the idea that a confining geometry and a magne…
Monte Carlo and theoretical studies of thin 3D films of biaxial and uniaxial nematics with tangential boundary conditions show distinct differences in structure and evolution of topological defects. In the uniaxial films, defects of strength k=+/-1 are point defects that bear no bulk singularity and disappear by annih…
Abstract Fibers of poly(lactic acid) produced by two‐step melt spinning have been studied. The morphology is elucidated with respect to the thermal and mechanical properties of fibers produced at cold‐draw ratios of 1–8. With atomic force microscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering, a fibrillar morphology is found, wi…
Abstract Fibers of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) produced by two‐step melt spinning have been studied. The PLA resins used contain a 96:04 ratio of L:D stereochemical centers; however, one of the materials is branched by a peroxide treatment. The thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of the fibers are compared f…
We report extensive simulation studies of phase behavior in single component systems of particles interacting via a core-softened interparticle potential. Two recently proposed examples of such potentials are considered; one in which the hard core exhibits a shoulder [Sadr-Lahijany et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4895 (1…
Poly( l -lactide- co -glycolide) (PLLAGA) copolymers and poly( dl -lactide) (PDLLA) were synthesized using the low toxicity compound zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate. Blends with synthetic atactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (a-PHB) were prepared in film form by solvent casting. The solid-state properties of the plain polyme…