Materials Literature
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Alumina microspheres have been prepared by spray pyrolysis of Al(NO3)3 aqueous solutions by adjusting the flow rate of air as a carrier gas and the concentration of Al(NO3)3. A mixture of hollow α-Al2O3 microspheres in the range of 200-700 nm in diameter and solid microparticles of smaller size were prepared by pyroly…
Results from postirradiation examinations (PIE) of highly loaded U-Mo/Al dispersion fuel plates over the past several years have shown that the interaction between the metallic fuel particles and the matrix aluminum can be extensive, reducing the volume of the high-conductivity matrix phase and producing a significant…
The structural relaxation kinetics at the glass transition in tellurium oxide (TeO 2 )‐based glasses has been examined from viscosity and heat‐capacity measurements to clarify the features of the structural relaxation in fragile oxide glass‐forming liquids. A large decoupling between enthalpy relaxation and viscous fl…
Titanium alloys are favorable implant materials for medical applications, due to their desirable mechanical properties and biochemical compatibility. However, current bio-titanium alloys were formulated principally by trial and error, which by no means represents the optimum. Here a theoretical investigation of the in…
The motion of an edge dislocation is analyzed for temperatures ranging from 10 K to 200 K and for stresses up to 5 GPa. The dislocation velocity versus the applied shear stress curve can be divided into four regimes corresponding to successively higher shear stresses. In the first regime, the applied shear stress is b…
In the core of BWRs, the second-phase particles (SPP) of Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4, the Zr(FeCr)2 and the Zr2(FeNi) phase, release Fe and dissolve. The degree of dissolution depends on initial size and fluence. These SPP, however, are important for the corrosion behavior of Zircaloy. Zircaloy shows an increase of corr…
This work develops a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method for calculating the heat generation rate in electronic nanostructures. Electrons accelerated by the electric field scatter strongly with optical phonons, yet heat transport in silicon occurs via the faster acoustic modes. The MC method incorporates the appropriat…
Liquid nanodroplets within a size range of 50 to 500 nm can easily be prepared by shearing a system containing oil, water and a surfactant. The growth of the nanodroplets can effectively be suppressed by using a strong hydrophobe as an additivie to the oil and an effective surfactant. The hydrophobe acts as an osmotic…
In a laboratory experiment, four concentrations of two natural bentonite clay deposits (commercial Bentonite and Aquagel) were applied to study their impact on water movement in a sandy calcareous soil. Cumulative infiltration ( D ), advance of wetting front ( Z ), and available water content (AWC) were measured for u…
Xenotime‐type GdPO 4 (tetragonal, I 4 1 / amd ) has been synthesized hydrothermally at 400°C. X‐ray powder data have been presented, and the lattice parameters have been calculated as a = 0.6969(2) nm and c = 0.6095(3) nm.
Due to their periodic helical structure, cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) have a unique ability to selectively reflect visible light. CLC films reflecting a broad wavelength band were made by inducing a pitch gradient in CLC through a diffusion of small molecules and through a thermal diffusion between two CLC oligom…
Vacuum refining experiments of indium and gallium metals have been performed. When indium metal of 99.97% purity was refined at 1273 K and 1.3×10−3 Pa for one hour, Pb and Bi were effectively removed from indium metal. After refining 99.9% Ga at 1373 K and 1.3×10−3 Pa for six hours, removal of Bi, Pb, Zn, Mg, Ca and F…
The electrical properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT) thin films are compared for nonvolatile random access memory applications. PZT thin films have high switchable polarization with poor fatigue resistance and higher leakage current densities as compared to SBT thin films de…
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The ability of biphenylates and terphenylates for inducing an anticlinic SmC A * phase in bicomponent mixtures have been tested by the diagram method. The phase was induced for a chain protonated chiral compound mixed with a compound having partially fluorinated chain in the terminal or lateral position of the chains…
Corrosion processes occurring on copper in borate solutions were studied using electrochemical dc and ac as well as surface analytical techniques. It was found that at pH 7 in the absence of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), passivity occurs through the formation of a duplex structure. In the presence of SDS, passivity bre…
In this paper, we present recent advances in the understanding of the properties of semiconducting single wall carbon nanotube and in the exploration of their use as field-effect transistors (FETs). Both electrons and holes can be injected in a nanotube transistor by either controlling the metal-nanotube Schottky barr…
The effect of hydrate inhibitors on oilfield scale formation has been studied. A self-consistent activity model is presented to model the effect of methanol on carbonate equilibrium, calcite, barite, gypsum, celestite, and halite solubility in a gas/methanol/water/salt solution. The model uses Pitzer theory to model t…
The antiferromagnetic ground state of bcc chromium can be understood to arise from a new kind of electronic Peierls distortion, taking place solely in the electronic degrees of freedom. The nonmagnetic band structure of Cr as calculated from first principles exhibits an electronic instability within the nonbonding, de…
We have investigated thermoelectric properties of p-type Bi-Te thermoelectric material doped with PbTe. The samples (Bi2Te3)0.2(Sb2Te3)0.8+xmass%PbTe(x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering(SPS) method. The Seebeck coefficient(α), the electric conductivity(σ) and the…