Materials Literature
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Focused electron-beam-induced (FEB-induced) deposition and etching are versatile, direct-write nanofabrication schemes that allow for selective deposition or removal of a variety of materials. Fundamentally, these processes are governed by an electron-induced reaction with a precursor vapor, which may either result in…
This article reviews the existing theoretical models describing the interface-induced phenomena which affect the switching characteristics and dielectric properties of ferroelectric thin films. Three groups of interface-induced effects are addressed—namely, “passive-layer-type” effects, ferroelectric-electrode contact…
Recent patent and technical works indicate a growing interest in halogen-free solutions with the predominance of the literature focusing on phosphorus-based flame retardants. Patents published on the flame retardancy of polycarbonate and its blends significantly exceed the number of patents on flame retardancy of any…
We review two strategies for growing ZnO nanowires from zinc salts in aqueous and organic solvents. Wire arrays with diameters in the nanoscale regime can be grown in an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. With the addition of poly(ethylenimine), the lengths of the wires have been increased to…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral Salen Complexes: An Overview to Recoverable and Reusable Homogeneous and Heterogeneous CatalystsCarlos Baleizão and Hermenegildo GarciaView Author Information Centro de Química-Física Molecular, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal,…
During the past two decades, diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have attracted an overwhelming interest from both industry and the research community. These films offer a wide range of exceptional physical, mechanical, biomedical and tribological properties that make them scientifically very fascinating and commercially…
An overview of the state of art in ferroelectric thin films is presented. First, we review applications: microsystems’ applications, applications in high frequency electronics, and memories based on ferroelectric materials. The second section deals with materials, structure (domains, in particular), and size effects.…
Functional characterization of a protein sequence is one of the most frequent problems in biology. This task is usually facilitated by accurate three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the studied protein. In the absence of an experimentally determined structure, comparative or homology modeling can sometimes provide a us…
The recent revelation that <i>diffracted radiance</i> is the fundamental quantity predicted by scalar diffraction theory, combined with the observation that radiance (not irradiance or intensity) is shift-invariant in direction cosine space, has lead to the development of a generalized linear systems formulation of no…
Here we describe the application of single star-shaped gold nanoparticles (nanostars) for localized surface plasmon resonant (LSPR) sensing. The gold nanostars were fabricated by a modified seed-mediated, surfactant-directed nanoparticle synthesis which is known to produce gold nanorods in high yield. Due to the sampl…
GDP-mannose hydrolase catalyzes the hydrolysis with inversion of GDP-alpha-D-hexose to GDP and beta-D-hexose by nucleophilic substitution by water at C1 of the sugar. Two new crystal structures (free enzyme and enzyme-substrate complex), NMR, and site-directed mutagenesis data, combined with the structure of the enzym…
Sea urchin spines protect the animal's body from predators and from the effect of high energy environments. The spines of urchins from different orders, families and genera have very different sizes, morphologies and microarchitectures, and the different designs of sea urchin spines reveal much about the design space…
We show that time-resolved luminescence measurements at high excitation densities can be used to study exciton annihilation and diffusion, and report the results of such measurements on films of P3HT and MEH-PPV. The results fit to an exciton-exciton annihilation model with a time independent annihilation rate γ…
We study the phenomena of laser beam propagation in azobenzene liquid crystals (azo LCs) in waveguiding configuration. We found that spatial solitons can be formed at microwatt power levels of a He-Ne laser beam. We have observed several well-known processes of nonlinear propagation such as undulation of solitons, the…
A novel chitosan fiber core/gold shell structural organic-inorganic composite was presented via a facile and eco-friendly approach. The chitosan fiber and gold/chitosan composites were characterized with the assistance of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations. The chitosan fibe…
Abstract We studied experimentally the local partial density of electronic states (LPDOS) in the conduction band (CB) and in the valence band (VB) of CuGaO 2 and CuInO 2 by means of X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X‐ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The edges of both the CB and VB are found to be the copper s‐…
In this paper we report measurements of the complex impedance of the Heusler compounds ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}\mathrm{MnSn}$ and ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{2}\mathrm{MnSb}$ near the Curie temperature. From the experimental data, the complex initial magnetic permeability is obtained as a function of temperature and frequency. Both the…
Abstract Summary: The creation of nanotemplates under dynamic shear flow conditions is described. The structures used are based on the self‐organization of comb‐coil‐like diblock copolymer systems with two intrinsic length scales, resulting from combining diblock copolymers with hydrogen‐bonding amphiphiles. Rheologic…
Convective heat and mass transfer in a planar, trilayer, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module is considered for a uniform supply of volatile species (80%H2+20%H2O vapor) and oxidant (20%O2+80%N2) to the electrolyte surface with a uniform electrochemical reaction rate. The coupled heat and mass transfer is modeled by st…
Abstract The thermal variation of the dielectric constant in the spin crossover complex [Fe(bpp) 2 ] [BF 4 ] 2 displays a 16 K large hysteresis loop centered around 178 K corresponding to the spin transition temperatures. Unexpectedly, the dielectric constant has a higher value in the low‐spin state. DFT calculations…