Materials Literature
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Chitosan has potential biomedical applications that may require the final products to be sterilized before use. The gamma irradiation of purified and highly deacetylated chitosan fibers and films at sterilizing doses (up to 25 kGy) caused main chain scissions. The viscosity average molecular weight of the polymer decr…
We investigate the relationship between the fabric drape coefficient from the Cusick drapemeter and mechanical properties tested on the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F) for woven fabrics. This is the first attempt at determining a compre hensive relationship between the fabric drape coefficient and mecha…
The hydrothermal reaction of MoO3, CuSO4·5H2O, 1,2,4-triazole and H2O produces a 50% yield of [{Cu2-(triazolate)2(H2O)2}Mo4O13], a material constructed from {Mo4O13}n2n– chains entrained within the three dimensional framework provided by the {Cu2(triazolate)2(H2O)2}n2n+ polymeric complex.
A careful analysis of ac electrical measurements of the Na2O·3SiO2 glass in the temperature range from 2 to 435 K and frequency range 10 to 105 Hz enables the clear separation of different regimes of behaviour. At the centre of this study is the power-law behaviour called `universal dynamic response' (UDR). It is part…
Novel flower-like nanostructures consisting of silicon oxide nanofibers, radially attached to a single catalytic particle, were generated by solid-solid and gas-solid reactions under a temperature gradient. In this process, a mixture of SiC and Co powders, deposited on silica substrates and heated under an Ar/CO atmos…
A series of iron-containing mesoporous silicas (Fe-HMS) with Fe contents up to 5.7 wt.% have been prepared at room temperature using the neutral hexadecylamine as surfactant molecule. Characterization of these materials by a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including EXAFS, EPR, Mössbauer and UV–Vis spectroscopies…
Vanadium pentoxide/polypyrrole aerogel (ARG) composites have been synthesized by sol–gel routes, and investigated as cathode materials in Li batteries. The primary method utilized simultaneous polymerisation of pyrrole and vanadium alkoxide precursors. Hydrolysis of VO(OC3H7)3 using pyrrole–water–acetone mixtures yiel…
Plasma co-polymers (PCPs) of acrylic acid/octa-1,7-diene and allyl amine/octa-1,7-diene have been prepared and characterised using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The use of a hydrocarbon diluent in the monomer feed allowed the deposition of films with controlled concentrations of carboxylic acid and nitrogen-…
Many lead artifacts are danzaged after being kept for a short period in enclosures that contain materials which emit carboxylic acids. The formation of corrosion products and the corrosion sensitivity of lead were studied under experimental conditions in which the duration of exposure, the acetic acid (ethanoic acid)…
A new empirical interatomic potential of the embedded atom type is developed for the Fe-Cu system. The potential for the alloy system was constructed to reproduce known physical parameters of the alloy, such as the heat of solution of Cu in Fe and the binding energy of a vacancy and a Cu atom in the matrix. The potent…
Sonochemistry, or the application of power ultrasound to chemical processes, is a technology that has undergone very intensive research and development in the last 15−20 years, with respect to both its range of application and the methods employed for its implementation at industrial manufacturing scales. In a series…
The scattering of ultrasound from bubbles of micrometer-sized radius, such as used in contrast enhancers for ultrasound diagnostics, is studied. We show that sound scattering and ``active'' emission of sound from oscillating bubbles are not contradictory, but are just two different aspects derived from the same physic…
Carbon nanotube science is a new exciting subject for all the carbon community. We now have in hand 1D graphite prototypes opening a new field for basic research and increasing the technological potential of traditional carbon fibers. In addition to many open fundamental questions, one of the main difficulties resides…
A molecular dynamics simulation of water confined in a silica pore is performed in order to compare it with recent experimental results on water confined in porous Vycor glass at room temperature. A cylindrical pore of 40 Å is created inside a vitreous SiO2 cell, obtained by computer simulation. The resulting cavity o…
An ordered organo-silica-surfactant mesophase containing a covalently-linked chromophore was synthesized with MCM-41-type architecture by template-directed co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane and 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)propyl(triethoxy)silane: a dye-functionalized mesoporous silica with hexagonal order was produce…
Multilayer formation between organic dyes and polyions is complicated by the possible competition between dye extraction from the surface by the polymer solution instead of polymer adsorption. We study the effects of salt concentration (NaCl, Na 2 SO 4, MgCl 2, and MgSO 4 ) on this process and note that significant fr…
Raman spectra of the following rare earth halide–alkali halide binary molten salt systems have been measured: LnBr3–KBr (Ln=La, Nd, Gd) and NdCl3–ACl (A=Li, Na, K, Cs). The complete composition range has been studied at temperatures up to 850°C. The spectral changes occurring upon melting the elpasolite compounds Cs2N…
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The atomistic structure of an extensive set of ceria surfaces are predicted using four different inter-atomic potential models. The dependence of the results on the parameters is discussed in detail. For example, we find that while absolute surface energies vary considerably, relative energies do not. As such, an octa…
Composites formulated from pH-sensitive colour formers mixed with fatty acid co-solvents and acidic developers have been prepared and their thermochromic properties investigated. Possible explanations for the thermochromic effect have been considered and evidence is presented in support of a mechanism based on phase c…