Materials Literature
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Abstract This paper reviews current information about potassium (K) in the soils of New Zealand, based on work conducted since the 1920s. The forms of K existing in soils are discussed and related to the K status of the genetic soil groups. The methods used in New Zealand to assess K‐supplying power, K‐releasing power…
XANES spectra of nickel K‐edge and x‐ray diffraction patterns of several nickel oxycompounds were measured. The shift in energy of the Ni K‐absorption edge toward higher values correlates well with the increase in the oxidation state of nickel from +2 to +4 in the compounds studied. The inflection point energy of the…
Temperature changes pose a significant threat to the integrity of protective oxide layers because of the differential strains developed between oxide and substrate. These may induce either tensile or compressive in-plane stresses within the oxide layer. The former may produce cracks through the thickness of this layer…
Abstract The cationic nonlinear polymerization of diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) in the presence of a diluent γ‐butyrolactone (BL) was initiated by the BF 3 ‐4‐methoxyaniline (MA) complex. The reaction was studied by size exclusion chromatography, DSC, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Reaction mechanism invol…
Mesomorphic phase transitions of 4′-n-alkoxy-3′-nitrobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids (ANBC) with numbers of carbons (n) in the alkoxy group ranging from 11 to 22 have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy. The D phase, a mesophase of particular interest through its being…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-Pressure Adsorption of Methane and Ethane in Activated Carbon and Carbon FibersShaoyi Jiang, John A. Zollweg, and Keith E. GubbinsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 22, 5709–5713Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Publishe…
Collagen from a native tissue is fixed with a polyepoxy compound (PC) for use as a new biologic prosthetic material. Prior studies have shown that this biomaterial has comparable properties with collagen fixed with glutaraldehyde (GA), and thus has great promise for biomedical applications. A prior kinetic study indic…
Phosphatase activities were investigated in Morganella morganii, which is one of the few enterobacterial species producing high-level phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase activity (HPAP phenotype), and the gene encoding the major phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase was cloned, sequenced, and its product chara…
The C‐shaped time‐temperature‐transformation curves (T‐T‐T curves) of cristobalite formation and the L‐shaped T‐T‐T curves of α‐alumina reaction were established for a high‐purity kaolinite‐α‐alumina mixture during heating. The results revealed that cristobalite formation in kaolinite was retarded by the presence of α…
An investigation was made into the source of strut cracking during the fabrication process of open cell ceramics that are produced by coating a polymeric foam. Several sources for the stress that produces these cracks were considered, viz., differential drying, thermal expansion mismatch between the polymer and the gr…
We propose, and verify in the case of a Ge-doped-silica-core optical fiber, a general explanation for the power-law dependencies on dose frequently observed for the radiation-induced attenuation in optical fibers. This insight permits detailed prediction of the post-irradiation recovery curves, given just the empirica…
A trypan blue inclusion assay was used to measure cell death on poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), polyethylene (PE), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyurethanes, glass, and glow-discharge-treated polystyrene or poly(ethylene terephthalate). Cell lines used were bovine aortic endothelial, 3T3, mouse peritoneal macrop…
Abstract Novel soluble polyimides containing perylene units have been synthesized. The polymers were prepared in a one‐step polycondensation reaction from 1,6,7,12‐tetrakis(4‐ tert ‐butylphenoxy)‐3,4:9,10‐perylenedianhydride and aliphatic and aromatic diamines. The amorphous polyimides have a very good solubility in a…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-State Effects in Spin Transitions: Influence of Iron(II) Dilution on the Magnetic and Calorimetric Properties of the Series [FexNi1-x(4,4'-bis(1,2,4-triazole))2(NCS)2].cntdot.H2OJean-Pierre Martin, Jacqueline Zarembowitch, Ary Dworkin, Jaap G. Haasnoot, and Epiphane Co…
The validities of the Warren–Averbach analysis and of an alternative analysis for separation of size and strain contributions to diffraction line broadening are investigated. The analyses are applied to simulated and experimental line profiles. The Fourier coefficients of the simulated line profiles are derived from e…
Abstract Takovite, Ni 6 Al 2 (OH)i 6 CO 3 -5H 2 O, with molar Ni/Al ratios of 2.5 and 3 is prepared by precipitation at pH levels of 7 and 10, periods of reaction of 3 and 20 hr, and calcination temperatures varying between 120° and 8 5 3°C. The quantity of reduced Ni is determined as a function of the calcination tem…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBaeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Ketones Using Molecular Oxygen and Benzaldehyde in the Absence of Metal CatalystsKiyotomi Kaneda, Shinji Ueno, Toshinobu Imanaka, Emi Shimotsuma, Yutaka Nishiyama, and Yasutaka IshiiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 11, 2915–2917Publication Date…
This tutorial illustrates situations where electromigration (a wearout failure mechanism) in electronic devices can degrade performance. Electromigration and its relation to microstructure is discussed. Temperature considerations are treated. A practical model for electromigration and two application examples of it ar…
In situ atomic force microscopy was used in conjunction with microlithography and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy to monitor localized corrosion near iron‐rich inclusions in Al‐6061‐T6 immersed in 0.6 M and also sulfur‐rich inclusions in 304 stainless steel (SS‐304) in 0.5 M . The local rate of aluminum corrosion…
Abstract Initiation and early propagation of pitting and filiform corrosion on bare alloy AZ91 (9% Al, 1% Zn) are investigated by natural immersion corrosion tests, electrochemical measurements and microanalytical studies. Initiation sites are few. Corrosion spreads from these sites first in the form of filiform corro…