Materials Literature
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Carbon nanotube (CNT) vertical integration and electrical properties are presented in full 6-inch wafer for interconnect applications. Series array of 1000 vias made of vertically grown CNTs is obtained with uniform electrical resistances within the wafer. Integration processes are implemented by following sequential…
A family of ligands based upon the linking of two or three bis-(2-pyridyl)pyridazine (dppz) moieties via the 4- or 4,5-positions of the pyridazine rings has been synthesised using an inverse electron demand Diels–Alder pathway. Thus, reaction of 3,6-di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (dptz) with a series of dienes (1,4-d…
In 1911, Vorlärnder reported liquid-crystalline properties of unique “flying-seed-like” alkali metal carboxylates. They are neither “rod-like” nor “disk-like”. Moreover, they have neither a rigid core nor flexible long chains. The molecular shapes are totally different from about 93 000 general liquid crystalline comp…
Protein crystals, routinely prepared for the elucidation of protein 3D structures by X-ray crystallography, present an ordered and highly accurate 3D array of protein molecules. Inherent to the 3D arrangement of the protein molecules in the crystal is a complementary 3D array of voids made of interconnected cavities a…
Location of partial discharge sources via the recording of wideband VHF/UHF signals is well known. Having obtained good accuracies, researchers in this area now aim to develop characterization techniques comparable to those of more traditional contact systems. One obstacle hindering this development is the lack of a c…
Three novel symmetrical bent-core compounds were synthesized where the terminal alkoxy linkages of the original bent-core mesogen forming a B phase was converted to -alkyl carboxylates. It is found that instead of the B phase, all three compounds exhibit a transition between B' and B mesophases. The physical and elect…
ZnO thin films were epitaxially deposited on platinum∕c-sapphire epitaxial layer using a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. Xe, rather than Ar, was used as the sputtering gas. The leakage current as well as dielectric loss was suppressed upon use of Xe. Moreover, the full width at half maximum ω scan and sur…
The ring-opening polymerization of L,L-lactide by using immobilized lipase Candida Antarctica (Novozym 435) as a catalyst at a temperature of 100 °C in bulk was conducted. This process was found to yield the corresponding poly(L,L-lactide) (PLLA) with weight-average of molecular weights of about 2,440 and a polydisper…
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) consisting of an Y-stabilized (YSZ) electrolyte, cathode, and anode support were operated directly using isooctane. The electrical performance of SOFCs operating with in was measured over a temperature range of 600– . Open-circuit voltages achieved slightly over . The maximum power densi…
Thermally stable aramid–silica nano-composites have been prepared via the sol–gel process. Two types of aramid matrices were used. Polyamide chains having no pendant hydroxyl groups were prepared by reacting a mixture of 1,3- and 1,4-phenylenediamine in 65:35 mole ratio with equivalent amount of terephthaloyl chloride…
Periodic mesoporous ethylenesilicas with hexagonal P6mm and cubic Fm3m/Pm3n symmetry were prepared by using divalent surfactant C(16-3-1) and binary surfactant mixtures C(18-3-1) and C18TABr as structure-directing agents, respectively, under basic conditions. A tetramethyldisilazane-based surface silylation was carrie…
A novel photochromic diarylethene 1a with a fluorescent chromophore in the bridge moiety was synthesized. 1a showed fluorescent switching properties in solution with UV/VIS irradiation, accompanying the ring-opening and ring-closed photoisomerization of diarylethene 1a. Addition of acid to a solution of 1a produced pr…
The substituted bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands RCH(3,5-Me2pz)2(R=SiMe3, CH2Ph, G1, G2, and G3; Gn=Fréchet-type dendritic wedges of generation n) have been prepared starting from H2C(3,5-Me2pz)2. Reaction of these didentate ligands with [NiBr2(DME)] is a straightforward procedure that allows the synthesis of the nickel(…
The photoelectrochemical behavior of anodic films on Al alloys, containing titanium, tantalum, and tungsten (valve metals), has been studied as a function of alloy composition and anodizing conditions. Photocurrent spectroscopy has been used to get information on bandgap and the flatband potential values of different…
Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) was etched using three concentrated acids: 18% HCl, 43% H3PO4, and 48% H2SO4. The bond strengths between five types of veneering composite resin and eight cpTi treatments (involving combinations of sandblasting, acid etching in 48% H2SO4, and vacuum firing) were determined before and…
The equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process is an innovative method to refine grain structure; however, it could be highly technical to perform to result in subsequent exotic mechanical properties. This study will demonstrate how easy or difficult of this operation. Yoshida et al. had applied the ECAE process o…
Thermoelectric coolers (TEC) are used in a variety of applications that require extremely stable temperature control. In this paper a fuzzy controller is applied for the cold-end temperature control of a thermoelectric cooler. Fuzzy inference parameters which include the rule base and the shapes of the membership func…
The radical co-polymerization of limonene (Lim) with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (N-VP) initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in dioxane was carried out at 80 ± 0.1°C for 1 h under the inert atmosphere of nitrogen. The kinetics expression is, R p ∝ [AIBN]0.5 [N-VP]1.0 [Lim]−1.0. The overall activation energy has been cal…
Incorporation of electron accepting units (oxadiazole) into the 2,5-thienylene conjugated chain leads to a significant improvement in the n-doping-undoping redox stability of the resulting polymer.
The behavior of cavitation bubbles in tissue driven by ultrasonic fields is an important problem in biomedical acoustics. The present solution combines the Keller‐Miksis equation for nonlinear bubble dynamics with the linear Voigt model for viscoelastic media and experimental values for the model’s parameters (rigidit…