Materials Literature
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While researchers are trying to solve the world's energy woes, hydrogen is becoming the key component in sustainable energy systems. Hydrogen could be produced through photocatalytic water-splitting technology. It has also been found that hydrogen and methane could be produced through photocatalytic reduction of carbo…
The effect of CuO on the sintering temperature, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of (Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4 (ZST) modified with 1 wt% of ZnO has been investigated. Microwave dielectric properties of ZST ceramics are measured from cryogenic to room temperatures (15–290 K). Crystallite sizes of sintered ZST c…
This work deals with the preparation and characterization of tungsten tips for the use in UHV low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS, respectively). These specific environments require in situ facilities for tip conditioning, for further sharpening of the tips, as well as for relia…
We report on inelastic neutron scattering experiments on YbRh2Si2 powder to study the low-energy spin dynamics at temperatures between T=0.8 and 22 K. The low-energy magnetic response is quasielastic. However, it exhibits an unusual form not modelled by a simple relaxation rate yielding a Lorentzian lineshape, but can…
Optical mirrors used in extreme ultraviolet lithography systems require a figure accuracy and a roughness of about 0.1 nm rms. In addition, mirror substrates must be low-thermal-expansion materials. Thus, in this study, we processed two low-thermal-expansion materials, ULE [K. Hrdina, B. Hanson, P. Fenn, R. Sabia, Pro…
Microwave-assisted route for the synthesis of nanomaterials has gained importance in the field of synthetic technology because of its faster, cleaner and cost effectiveness than the other conventional and wet chemical methods for the preparation of metal oxide nanoparticles. In the present work, synthesis of metal oxi…
High-temperature proton conductors are oxides in which low-valence cations are doped as electron acceptors; the incorporation of water molecules into the oxides results in the formation of protonic defects that act as charge carriers. Since the protons thus formed are in equilibrium with other electronic defects, elec…
The centrifugal atomisation of metallic melts using a rotating disk is an important process for powder production and spray deposition. The theoretical prediction of powder particle size is desirable for the design of atomisers. In this paper, wave theory was applied to analyse the disintegration of metallic melts in…
The crystal and electronic structures, as well as the luminescence properties of Sr2Al2−xSi1+xO7−xNx:Eu2+ are reported. First-principles calculations energetically confirm that the Al and Si atoms are in partial ordering in the 2a and 4e sites in Sr2Al2SiO7. In addition, the band structure calculation shows that Sr2Al…
Higher environmental standards have made the removal of arsenic from water an important problem for environmental engineering. Iron oxide is a particularly interesting sorbent to consider for this application. Its magnetic properties allow relatively routine dispersal and recovery of the adsorbent into and from ground…
The effect of field-induced aggregation of particles on the magnetization property of ferrofluids is investigated. From the viewpoint of energy, magnetizability of ferrofluids is more complicated than predicted by Langevin theory because the aggregation, i.e., the transition of ferrofluid microstructure, would consume…
A magnetically separable photocatalyst Bi12TiO20/SiO2/NiFe2O4 (BSN) with a typical ferromagnetic hysteresis was prepared by a simple process: the magnetic 200 wt% SiO2/NiFe2O4 (SN) dispersion prepared by a liquid catalytic phase transformation method and the visible-light-active photocatalyst Bi12TiO20 prepared by a s…
This paper deals with precision grinding of microarray lens (fly eye) molding die by using a resinoid bonded diamond wheel. An ultra-precision grinding system of microarray lens molding die and new truing method of resinoid bonded diamond wheel were developed. In this system, a grinding wheel was four-dimensionally co…
We present preliminary results of our joint investigations to monitor and mitigate environmental pollution, a leading contributor to chronic and deadly health disorders and diseases affecting millions of people each year. Using nanotechnology-based gas sensors; pollution is monitored at several ground stations. The se…
As a novel class of inorganic phosphors, oxynitride and nitride luminescent materials have received considerable attention because of their potential applications in solid-state lightings and displays. In this review we focus on recent developments in the preparation, crystal structure, luminescence and applications o…
At any pressure-sensitive quantum critical point (QCP), the volume thermal expansion coefficient is more singular than the specific heat. Consequently, the resulting critical Grüneisen ratio Γcr~βcr/Ccr, where βcr and Ccr denote the thermal expansion and specific heat after subtraction of non-critical background contr…
First-principles calculations based on density functional theory enable us to quantify the thermal equilibrium concentration of a point defect through calculating the formation energy of the defect. In order to know the formation energy, we need three parameters: the energy difference between defective and perfect sys…
The first nitridocobaltate carbodiimide (Sr6N)[CoN2][CN2]2 has been synthesized from the elements Sr, Co, and graphite powder and NaN3 (as a nitrogen source). The crystal structure was determined from X-ray single-crystal diffraction data as orthorhombic (space group P21212, No. 18, a=9.8807(6) Å, b=14.6474(9) Å, c=3.…
The degradation of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with AlOx barrier was experimentally investigated. Constant voltage stress (CVS) measurement was carried out to monitor the time evolution of the conductance and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of MTJs. The gradual increase of the stress-induced leakage current (SI…
Incense is habitually burned in various religious settings ranging from the Eastern temples to the Western churches and in residential homes of their devotees, representing one of the most significant sources of combustion-derived particulate matter in indoor air. Incense smoke has been known to be associated with adv…