Materials Literature
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The role of the substrate in determining heat dissipation in high power electronics is calculated, subject to convective cooling in the small Biot number regime. Analytical models that exploit the large aspect ratio of the substrate to justify approximations are shown to predict the behavior with good accuracy over a…
Radiation damage of polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) is investigated irradiating thin films with 100–300 keV helium beams. The damage is deduced by measuring in situ the molecular ejection from the irradiated polymer with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The main ejected molecular masses are 2, 15, 16, 18, 26, 28 and 44, c…
Poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres [poly(SerMA-co-MMA), poly(AlaMAm-co-MMA), poly(AlaEMA-co-MMA), and poly(AlaMAm/AlaEMA-co-MMA)] modified with O-methacryloyl-L-serine (SerMA), N-methacryloyl-L-alanine (AlaMAm) and L-alanine 2-methacryloyloxyethyl ester (AlaEMA) were prepared by the emulsifier-free emulsion copoly…
A novel ceramic synthesis technique, combustion synthesis, was used to produce submicron-sized Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu{sup 3+} phosphors. This technique exploits the exothermic redox reaction of yttrium and europium nitrates (oxidizers) with urea (CH{sub 4}N{sub 2}O) fuel (reducing agent). Resulting powders were luminesce…
Sintering of In 2 O 3 has been carried out in air to full density. Because of the difference in densification between the agglomerates and the matrix, large interagglomerate pores were observed to form at the initial stage of sintering. Such pore formation could be prevented by applying a small external pressure which…
Abstract An attempt has been made to assess new potential applications for the Bailén clays, traditionally used for manufacturing bricks, based on mineralogical, chemical, particle size, plasticity and firing results. Raw materials and mixtures used by the local factory were selected and tested with the addition of so…
Interconnect metallization, used for the fabrication of silicon (Si) semiconductor devices, utilizes sputtered stacks often composed of thin (⩽100 nm) titanium (Ti), titanium nitride (TiN), or Ti/TiN underlayer(s), covered by aluminum (Al) alloy conductors 400–1000 nm in thickness. The texture (preferred orientation)…
Abstract The Gibbs energy of formation Δ f G o of hexagonal α‐SiC was determined by electromotive force (emf) measurements between 1200 and 1300 K using the galvanic cell Si, SiO 2 |Th(Y)O 2 |SiO 2 , α‐SiC, C which gives ( T in K): Δ f G o (α‐SiC) =‐94770+24.24· T J/mol. The third‐law enthalpy of formation was calcula…
Abstract Applications of benzotriazole methodology for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds are reviewed. The characteristic advantages of benzotriazole as a synthetic auxiliary are first briefly considered. This is followed by a summary of its use in ring synthesis in which the construction of small; five‐member…
Abstract Polymer stabilization has been an active area of research and development for several decades. In this review, advances in phosphite chemistry are discussed with regard to hydrolysis resistance and color retention. The use of lactones as carbon centered radical traps is reviewed with examples showing the incr…
Possible functions of equine hoof wall tubules were investigated in this study. Hydration tests were conducted on blocks of hoof wall tissue in order to test the hypothesis that hollow tubules facilitate the conduction of water vapour distally. Although water loss or gain was inhibited through the outer wall surface,…
Semiconductor nanoparticles were synthesized by exposing fatty acid salt Langmuir-Blodgett films to the atmosphere of . The particle sizes were characterized by small-angle x-ray scattering of their solutions using synchrotron radiation source at higher resolution, as it was impossible previously to study it with usua…
A perturbative model for the calculation of electron-phonon coupling constants of tetrahedral transition metal complexes based on the electrostatic ligand field theory is presented. Orbital vibronic coupling constants are expressed in terms of common ligand field parameters, and linear many-electron coupling constants…
Abstract The structure/property relationships and morphology of glass bead–reinforced syndiotactic and isotactic polypropylene composites containing 0 to 20 vol% thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) were studied. Polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS) and the corresponding block copolymer graft…
The forced oscillations of a system consisting of two finite liquid columns in a duct separated by a gas bubble are studied in the linear approximation. It is found that thermal processes in the gas induce a very significant damping in the system, which can exceed viscous damping even in capillaries with a submillimet…
To study the size effects in ferroelectric thin films, we investigated the crystal structure and Raman spectra of BaTiO3 thin films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The results indicated that the characteristic of tetragonal phase disappears for thin films with an average size below 55 nm. The lattice p…
In addition to the well-known spectrum of Czochralski-grown silicon, two infrared bands at 560 and 648 cm−1 are found to arise from the interstitial oxygen in silicon. The assignment of the bands is performed using the studies of their oxygen isotope shift and temperature dependence. The 560 cm−1 band is attributed to…
A hydrostatic high-pressure cell (maximum pressure 700 MPa) with synthetic diamond windows is applied to measure small-angle X-ray scattering of a protein at high pressure. Use of the present cell allows an accurate solvent background correction, providing quantitative analyses. The performance of the present cell for…
The use of a phenomenological model to describe relaxation in the glassy state is reviewed, and it is shown that many important glass transition phenomena may be interpreted in this way. The key parameters of the model (the non-linearity parameter x, the non-exponentiality parameter β, and the apparent activation ener…
Thin oxide films play an important role in the corrosion of metals. Using XPS it is possible in principle to obtain information on the chemical state of near-surface atoms, the stoichiometry of the surface layer and its thickness. A problem is the quantification of XPS spectra, due to the large uncertainty in the valu…