Materials Literature
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A large basis set of α-oligothiophenes with two to seven rings (α2−α7), also including thiophene, α1, have been investigated in five solvents regarding absorption, fluorescence and phosphorescence, quantum yields of fluorescence (φ F ) and triplet formation (φ T ), lifetimes of fluorescence and the triplet state, quan…
The microstructure of various (ordered and disordered) polymer−organically modified layered silicate hybrids, synthesized via static polymer melt intercalation, is examined with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The ordered intercalates exhibit microstructures very similar to the unintercalated o…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMonolayers in Three Dimensions: Synthesis and Electrochemistry of ω-Functionalized Alkanethiolate-Stabilized Gold Cluster CompoundsMichael J. Hostetler, Stephen J. Green, Jennifer J. Stokes, and Royce W. MurrayView Author Information Kenan Laboratories of Chemistry Uni…
Quantum-confined InP nanocrystals from 20 to 50 Å in diameter have been synthesized via the reaction of InCl 3 and P(Si(CH 3 ) 3 ) 3 in trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) at elevated temperatures. The nanocrystals are highly crystalline, monodisperse, and soluble in various organic solvents. Improved size distributions ha…
A new simulation code for modelling extended defects e.g. linear (dislocations) and planar (surfaces and grain boundaries) at the atomistic level is introduced. One of the key components is the ability to calculate the Coulombic potential of a solid with one-dimensional periodicity. This approach has been applied to s…
Thin film shape memory alloys (SMAs) have the potential to become a primary actuating mechanism for mechanical devices with dimensions in the micron-to-millimeter range requiring large forces over long displacements. The work output per volume of thin film SMA microactuators exceeds that of other microactuation mechan…
This selective review of the biological effects of ultrasound presents a synopsis of our current understanding of how cells insonated in vitro are affected by inertial cavitation from the standpoint of physical and chemical mechanisms. The focus of this review is on the physical and chemical mechanisms of action of in…
Poly( l -lactide) (PLLA) and poly( d -lactide) (PDLA) crystallize into a stereocomplex with a melting point 50 °C higher than the crystals of the enantiomers. The racemic crystal is formed by packing β-form 3 1 -helices of opposite absolute configuration alternatingly side by side. Single crystals of the stereocomplex…
The synthesis and structural and magnetic characterization of 16 compounds AM(II)Fe(III)(C(2)O(4))(3) (A = N(n-C(3)H(7))(4), N(n-C(4)H(9))(4), N(n-C(5)H(11))(4), P(n-C(4)H(9))(4), P(C(6)H(5))(4), N(n-C(4)H(9))(3)(C(6)H(5)CH(2)), (C(6)H(5))(3)PNP(C(6)H(5))(3), As(C(6)H(5))(4); M(II) = Mn, Fe) are reported. X-ray powder…
Basic problems of kinetic processing of nonisothermal data ascertained from thermal analysis measurements can be solved by isoconversional methods. Analysis of the dependence of the activation energy on conversion often permits the identification of the kinetic scheme for the process. This dependence may also be used…
Isostructural ZrW 2 O 8 and HfW 2 O 8 show strong negative thermal expansion from 0.3 K up to their decomposition temperatures of approximately 1050 K. This behavior is especially unusual because these compounds are apparently cubic over their entire existence range. Detailed structural studies of ZrW 2 O 8 were condu…
Nano‐sized NiO/Ni composite films have been found to perform as superior electrodes in electrochemical capacitor applications. These films can provide a specific capacitance of 50 to 64 F/g. The specific energy and specific power of these films were 25 to 40 kJ/kg and 4 to 17 kW/kg, respectively. These specific quanti…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorOrigins of Complex Self-Assembly in Block CopolymersM. W. Matsen and F. S. BatesView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455Cite this: Macromolec…
Silver nanoparticles have been prepared by photoreduction of silver nitrate with 254 nm UV light in the presence of poly( N -vinylpyrrolidone). The effects of PVP concentration on the particle size, the UV−vis absorption peak, and the rate of the photoreduction process were studied. The average particle size ranged fr…
The discovery of mesoporous molecular sieves, MCM-41, which possesses a regular hexagonal array of uniform pore openings, aroused a worldwide resurgence in this field. This is not only because it has brought about a series of novel mesoporous materials with various compositions which may find applications in catalysis…
The “wet” colloid chemical construction of nanosized or nanostructured materials (i.e., those in the 1−100 nm range) has been inspired by biomineralization (the in vivo formation of inorganic crystals and/or amorphous particles in biological systems) and hierarchically organized self-assembly (spontaneous stepwise ass…
PAMAM Starburst dendrimers are spherical macromolecules composed of repeating polyamidoamino units. They can be produced in successive "generations," each with a defined size, molecular weight, and number of terminal amino groups. Because of these well-defined characteristics, PAMAMs are finding utility in a variety o…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSonochemical Synthesis of Iron ColloidsKenneth S. Suslick, Mingming Fang, and Taeghwan HyeonView Author Information School of Chemical Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996…
Off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations on semiflexible polymer chains with and without excluded volume interactions have been performed. The model used in the simulations is a discrete representation of the worm-like chain model of Kratky and Porod applied in the pseudocontinuous limit. The ratio between the cross-sectio…
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