Materials Literature
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Several alternative possibilities of how to create an electromagnetic device being able to reconstruct near-field distribution of a source with sub-wavelength resolution (so-called perfect lens) are considered. It is shown that there is a variety of such means not involving double-negative (left-handed, or Veselago) m…
We have examined the electrical transport in disordered molecular solids. It has been found that mobility is a function of electric field and temperature due to hopping conduction. Several theoretical models for charge transport in disordered solids have been debated over the role of spatial and energetic correlation…
Two perovskite-derived materials, CaCu3Mn4O12 and CaCu3Ti4O12, have drawn much recent interest due to their magnetoresistive, dielectric, and magnetoelectronic characteristics. Here we present initial theoretical insights into each of these points, based on first principles, density functional based calculations. Our…
Semiconductor nanoribbons of ZnS have been synthesized on a large scale via hydrogen‐assisted thermal evaporation. The product is characterized by means of electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, which show that the as‐prepared ZnS nanoribbons are single crystals with uniform morphology. A stable…
Spontaneous formation of vesicles in both organic solvents and water is observed for new rod–coil-type diblock copolymers containing thiophene groups. The thiophene groups located in the skin of the aggregates can couple to give polymerized vesicles (see picture and cover picture). The vesicles are capable of includin…
Ionic conductors have always provided a fascinating interdisciplinary field of study ever since their discovery by Faraday at the Royal Institution in London over 200 years ago. More recently, and particularly in the past decade, the pace of research has been rapid, driven by the requirements for new clean energy sour…
Poly(vinyl alcohol), an inherently amphiphilic material, can act as a superhydrophobic surface when deposited as nanofibers on an aluminum oxide membrane (see picture). The arrangement of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups, both in the surface and within the interior of the material, has a marked effect…
Abstract We present a concise, although admittedly non‐exhaustive, but hopefully didactic review and discussion of some of the central and basic concepts related to the energetics of surfaces and interfaces of solids. This is of particular importance for surfaces and interfaces that involve organic molecules and molec…
We describe theoretically novel excitons in self-assembled quantum dots interacting with a two-dimensional electron gas in the wetting layer. In the presence of the Fermi sea, the optical lines become strongly voltage-dependent. If the electron spin is nonzero, the width of optical lines is given by k_BT_K, where T_K…
Strong effects of optical polarization anisotropy observed previously in the quantum wells subjected to the in-plane magnetic field arrive at complete description within microscopic approach. Theory we develop involves two sources of optical polarization. First source is due to correlations between electron and heavy…
We have investigated carbon products deposited on large catalyst islands during carbon nanotube growth by thermal chemical vapor deposition on a Fe–Ni catalyst film, using cross-sectional analysis by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that carbon atoms covering on the surfa…
The crystal structures of deuterated glycinium phosphite crystals with various deuterium concentrations x (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00) in the paraelectric phase were determined using the X-ray imaging plate diffractometer. The hydrogen bond distances increase with increasing deuterium concentration x , especially…
The nanocrystalline thin films of BaTiO 3 have been deposited on the Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates by RF magnetron sputtering at 500°C. The film deposited at 500°C has a thickness of 450.0 nm and is composed of granular crystallites of about 45.0 nm size. The crystallite size decreases with decreasing film thickness. The…
1-Methyl-4-(2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)ethenyl)pyridinium iodide and its three analogues with ethyl-substituted cations were prepared. The solubility in organic solvents was confirmed to increase by ethyl substitution. Counter anion exchange afforded several SHG active crystals even in ethyl-substituted derivatives, a…
Effect of Nonstoichiometry on the Deterioration of Eu2+-Doped Hexagonal Aluminate Phosphor for Plasma Display Applications, Zhang, Shuxiu, Hou, Yangqing, Fujii, Hideki, Onishi, Takayuki, Kokubu, Masataka, Obata, Michio, Tanno, Hiroaki, Kono, Toshihiko, Uchiike, Heiju
The crystalline structure and dielectric and piezoelectric properties of SrBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBN)-based materials were investigated with the substitution of Ca and Ba ions into the Sr site in this study. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that these substitutes formed solid solutions throughout the compositions. The Ca…
The thermoelectric properties of the p -type (Bi 0.25 Sb 0.75 ) 2 Te 3 doped with 3 wt% excess Te and the n -type Bi 2 (Te 0.94 Se 0.06 ) 3 doped substantially with 0.07 wt% I and 0.02 wt% Te which were grown by the Bridgman method at a rate of 6 cm/h were measured before and after annealing, where the annealing was d…
Renormalized transmission ellipsometry was applied to the precise measurement of anistropic refractive indices of nematic liquid crystals. It is quite beneficial for electrical industry that the conventional sandwich-type liquid crystal cell becomes an applicable sample and experimental measurement can be carried out…
Time-resolved EPR spectra of the lowest excited triplet state of boron subphthalocyanine chloride have been measured in toluene at various temperatures (5−360 K). On the basis of the observed and simulated spectra, electronic structure and molecular motion of the triplet state ( 1 T) were analyzed, both in solid and f…
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with multiwalled structures were successfully grown on a Fe-deposited Si substrate at low temperatures below 300°C by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition using of a CH 4 –CO 2 gas mixture. The low temperature would be beneficial for reducing the diameter of CNTs but it…