Materials Literature
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Dendritic polymers, i.e., dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers, attract increasing attention due to their unique structures and properties. The step-wise methodologies for the synthesis of dendrimers allow the tailoring of physical and chemical properties and thus provide a powerful tool to design dendrimers for a wi…
Ternary phosphates are found to vitrify within large domains of compositions inside the phase diagrams P 2 O 5 –WO 3 –A 2 O (A = Li, Na). Structural approach of the highly modified glasses P 2 O 5 –A 2 MoO 4 –A 2 O (M = Mo,W) was investigated using various spectroscopic techniques such as infrared, Raman, and electron…
The present investigation aims at visualizing the crack tip stress field using a mechanoluminescence material. The well‐known compound SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ was adopted as a mechanoluminescence material. Two more trivalent rare‐earth elements such as Dy and Nd were taken into consideration as codopants to provide the appr…
We report here the x-ray crystal structure of a soluble catalytically active fragment of the Escherichia coli type I signal peptidase (SPase-(Delta2-75)) in the absence of inhibitor or substrate (apoenzyme). The structure was solved by molecular replacement and refined to 2.4 A resolution in a different space group (P…
The role of activator and deactivator species in the surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization of styrene using CuBr/CuBr2/pentamethyldiethylenetriamine as a model system is described. The influence of initially added deactivator with respect to the degree of controlling the layer growth and thickness is…
Abstract The electron effective attenuation length (EAL) can be defined for the measurement of overlayer film thicknesses (the most common application) and for the measurement of the depth of a thin marker layer by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For each of these applicat…
The effect of charging on the longitudinal second hyperpolarizability of polyacetylene (PA) chains containing up to nearly 70 carbon atoms has been investigated ab initio by characterizing chains with and without an explicit alkali atom (Li, Na, K) as dopant. Whereas charging dramatically enhances the static electroni…
Polyamide 66/clay nanocomposites (PA66CN) were prepared via a melt compounding method using a new kind of organophilic clay, which was obtained through co-intercalation of epoxy resin and quaternary ammonium into Na-montmorillonite. The dispersion effect of silicate layers in the matrix was studied by means of XRD and…
Two patches of near-neutral-pH stress corrosion cracks (SCC), as developed on a pipeline steel during service, have been characterized. The two patches can be characterized as containing either dense cracks or sparse cracks, based on their spatial separation. Cracks from both patches were categorized as either linked…
This paper presents a mechanical model for numerical simulations of 3D dynamic garment pressure during wear using a finite element method. Based on analyzing the contact characteristics between the human body and the garment, a mechanical model is developed based on the theory of dynamic contact mechanics. The garment…
The synthesis of the alkali metal salts of 3,4,5-tris(n-alkan-1-yloxy)benzoic acid [(3,4,5)nG1-CO(2)M, where n is the number of methylenic units in the alkane group for n=12, 14, 16, 18 and M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs] is described. The structural analysis of these AB(3) molecules by a combination of methods which includes X-…
Group 1 late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are a subset of hydrophilins that are postulated to play important roles in protecting plant macromolecules from damage during freezing, desiccation, or osmotic stress. To better understand the putative functional roles of group 1 LEA proteins, we analyzed the structu…
We review recent progress made in the field of semiconductor spintronics, a branch of semiconductor electronics where both charge and spin degrees of freedom play an important role in realizing unique functionalities. We first describe the new spin-dependent phenomena found in semiconductors including carrier-induced…
PURPOSE: To determine whether a combination of intravenous liposomal doxorubicin and radio-frequency (RF) ablation increases tumor destruction compared with RF alone in an animal tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: R3230 mammary adenocarcinoma 1.4-1.8-cm- diameter nodules were implanted subcutaneously in 132 female Fi…
Abstract Forcibly reeled silkworm ( Bombyx mori ) silk was used to study how exposure to a degumming treatment (boiling in distilled water for 30 min) affects tensile properties. Because forcibly reeled and naturally spun fibers exhibit comparable mechanical behavior, the results can be generalized to material obtaine…
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an excellent tool with which to study soil organic P, allowing quantitative, comparative analysis of P forms. However, for 31P NMR to be tative, all peaks must be completely visible, and in their correct relative proportions. There must be no line broadeni…
In order to determine the fatigue-free origin of the ferroelectric Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12, a series of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high resolution electron microscopy studies were performed on the polycrystalline Bi4−xLaxTi3O12 (BLTx, x=0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) powders. From the XPS study, the surfaces of…
Diamond surfaces with patterned Al masks were etched by a reactive ion etching (RIE) system under conditions that the RF power was 100–280 W, the CF 4 /O 2 ratio was 0–12.5% and the gas pressure 2–40 Pa. It was found that the roughness of the etched diamond surface decreased with an increase in the CF 4 /O 2 ratio, al…
We report direct measurements of the formation of single-, double- and multiple strand breaks in pure plasmid DNA as a function of exposure to 10-50 eV electrons. The effective cross sections to produce these different types of DNA strand breaks were determined and were found to range from approximately 10(-17) to 3 x…
Translocation across the membrane into cells is possible for certain peptides and proteins. To investigate the structural requirements of β-peptides for this process, a series of fluorescein-labeled β-peptides has been synthesized and their cellular uptake into 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells determined by fluorescence mic…