Materials Literature
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Abstract Rubber seed oil (RSO) was modified with different amounts of maleic anhydride, and RSO alkyds (50% oil length) were modified to various extents by the incorporation of different amounts of maleic anhydride and fumaric acid. All the resins were evaluated as water‐reducible binders. Modification with maleic anh…
Filling ('loading') of nanotubes has been of interest for over a decade. [ 1 ] Past investigations have focussed on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), both of which are expensive and technologically demanding to produce in bulk. A cheap, low-tech alternative, morphologically similar to multiwa…
The volatility of bismuth and bismuth oxide species complicates the growth of phase-pure films of SrBi2Nb2O9 and SrBi2Ta2O9. Films that appear phase-pure by x-ray diffraction can have microstructural defects caused by transient bismuth nonstoichiometry which have a significant impact on properties. Such defects are re…
We fabricated a two-dimensional subwavelength grating (SWG) on a GaSb substrate. The SWG was patterned by electron-beam lithography and etched by a fast atom beam with SF 6 and Cl 2 gases. The SWG consisted of tapered gratings with a 350-nm-period and a 1280-nm-deep groove. The reflectivity at wavelengths from 500 nm…
Fabrication and operation of a vertical nanowire field-effect transistor is reported. The device is prepared by growing vertical wires in the cylindrical pores of a polymer foil stack. The nanowire diameter is approximately 100 nm, the packing density up to 108 cm−2. The polymer foil stack consists of two polymer laye…
A detailed crystal-field splitting analysis is reported for the energy levels of Dy3+(4f9) in crystals of YAlO3 and DyAlO3 orthoaluminates. Experimental energy (Stark) levels for the 15 lowest-energy LJ2S+1 multiplet manifolds of Dy3+ are reported and supplemented with values found in the literature. A parameterized H…
Dielectric functions of Zn1−xMnxO (x⩽0.19) thin films were obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry at room temperature in the 1.5–5 eV photon energy region. A strong absorption structure is observed near 3.1 eV, below the optical band-gap absorption (E0) edge, and it does not shift with x. It is interpreted as due to t…
Aligned carbon nanotubes with a double coaxial structure of nitrogen‐doped and undoped multiwalls are fabricated using an aluminum anodic oxide film as a template. A bundle of nanotubes is shown in the Figure. The new technique opens up a novel route for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes with coaxial heterojunctions b…
The effects of hydrogen plasma treatment on high-quality bulk n-ZnO crystals were studied. It is shown that after plasma exposure at 200 °C for 0.5 h the hydrogen penetrates into the material down to about 20 μm and shows concentrations close to 1017 cm−3 in that region. The incorporation of this hydrogen coincides wi…
An experimental study on the dipole resonance of long high-conducting fibers embedded in an inhomogeneous composite sheet was conducted. The location of the resonance characterizes the effect of the inhomogeneous environment on the electromagnetic response of the fibers. It is shown that the resonance frequency is det…
This report presents the significant findings of a building performance team that investigated the structural damage sustained by the Pentagon after an airplane was crashed into it on September 11, 2001. The team, which was constituted on the day of the crash, reviewed available information on the structure, crash loa…
Molybdenum-doped indium oxide (IMO), an n-type transparent conducting oxide, was deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The effects of oxygen concentration in an argon ambient and substrate temperature on film properties were studied. Compared to undoped indium oxide (In2O3) films, IMO films demonstrate…
Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is a noncontact and nondestructive optical technique for thin film characterization. In the past 10 yr, it has migrated from the research laboratory into the semiconductor, data storage, display, communication, and optical coating industries. The wide acceptance of SE is a result of its…
Thin films of a new transparent oxide semiconductor 12CaO·7Al 2 O 3 consisting of subnanometer‐sized cages (see Figure inset) have been fabricated, and their light‐induced insulator–conductor conversion is described. Proton implantation at a fluence of 1 × 10 18 cm –2 followed by UV‐light irradiation increases the ele…
We view the free energy of a diblock copolymer system as a variational problem, in which the integrand of the functional contains an interesting nonlocal term, and a small parameter \epsilon . We prove that as \epsilon approaches 0 , the energy minimizers develop a growing number, of the order \epsilon^{-1/3} , of per…
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to investigate molecular nitrogen and isolated nitrogen acceptors in single crystals of ZnO. These samples were grown by the seeded chemical vapor transport method with N2 added to the gas stream. A five-line EPR spectrum is observed at low temperature in the as-grow…
100% polar-axis (c-axis)-oriented epitaxial Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 (PZT) thin films were grown and their large remanent polarization (Pr) was directly measured. Perfectly c-axis-oriented epitaxial PZT thin films were obtained on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates when the deposition temperature increased to 540 °C toget…
Our microscopic theory of entropic barrier formation and activated hopping for hard-sphere colloidal suspensions [K. S. Schweizer and E. J. Saltzman, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1181 (2003), preceding paper] is combined with general statistical mechanical relations and a binary-collision-type model for the low-viscosity regim…
Using a simple non‐conjugated polymer host , blends with tetraphenylporphyrin complexes of ytterbium [Yb(TPP)L] have been used to construct near‐infrared‐emitting diodes in which the Yb(TPP)L serves as both the emitter and charge‐transport medium. The Figure shows the structure of Ln(TPP)L(OEt), and a simplified mecha…
Abstract The solid‐state polymerization (SSP) of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) has been studied and compared with that of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Because PTT and PET share the same SSP mechanism, the modified second‐order kinetic model, which has successfully been used to describe the SSP behavior…