Materials Literature
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SUMMARIES A view on the kinetics of cellulose ageing is given, oriented particularly on the problem of stability and the degradation of paper, for which cellulose can be considered as a model compound. Reservations concerning the conditions of cellulose degradation are exposed, e.g. that the research efforts are focus…
Differently from magnetoelectric (ME) crystal families (e.g., Cr 2 O 3 and phosphates) to which the ME effect is intrinsic, multiferroic composites such as ferrite/piezoelectric ceramic composites exhibit extrinsic ME effect which is known as a "product property" resulted from the interaction between the ferrite and p…
In this study, we concentrated on improving the vortex flow uniformity, which was considered as a key factor for our new ICP torch design. To obtain a uniform vortex flow with lower plasma gas consumption, our new ICP torch had a dual gas inlet, and convertibility for helium and argon ICP. With this modification, heli…
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L., Linaceae), which has been grown throughout the world for millennia, is the source of products for existing, high-value markets in the textile, composites, paper/pulp, and industrial/ nutritional oil sectors (Hamilton 1986; Sharma and Van Sumere 1992b). Flax is the source of industrial fib…
The diametral expansion of pressure tubes in CANDU™ reactors due to irradiation creep and growth is an important property that may limit the useful life of the tubes. Measurements accumulated over many years have shown that there is considerable variability in diametral strain rates between tubes. There is also consid…
The new lower rim functionalised macrocycle 5,11,17,23,29,35-hexa-tert-butyl-37,38,39,40,41,42-hexakis(dimethylphosphinoylmethoxy)calix[6]arene (B6bL6) has been synthesised. Temperature dependent 1H and 31P NMR studies indicate a mixture of conformers with a time-averaged C6v symmetry at 405 K in dmso-d6; ΔG≠ values f…
The liposomal phase transition temperature was monitored in unstirred suspensions using a differential scanning calorimeter. The main and pre-transition temperatures under conditions of stirring were measured by the change in 90 degrees light scattering using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. Both methods show the sam…
Low-pressure hydrogen gas plasma reduction has been used at the Swiss National Museum in metals conservation since 1990. After a critical re-evaluation of the method in 1994, major changes were introduced. Today, it has become an integral part of the conservation procedures for archaeological iron. Its major advantage…
In a previous paper we investigated the mechanism by which fully protically doped (emeraldine-salt form) polyaniline (PANI) protects stainless steel surfaces from corrosion in 1 M sulfuric acid solution. A mechanism was proposed, based on prior work by Deng et al. , whereby passivation is achieved because the emeraldi…
Abstract Rotational molding involves powder mixing, heating and melting of powder particles to form a homogeneous polymer melt, as well as cooling and solidification. The densification of a loose powder compact into a homogeneous melt occurs over a wide range of conditions as the material passes from a solid state int…
Mesoscopic simulation techniques are employed to investigate lamellar orientation in block copolymers subjected to oscillatory shear. Dynamic mean-field density functional theory (MesoDyn) is able to capture parallel lamellar and perpendicular lamellar states at low and higher shear rates. At higher shear rates a thir…
Three thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) containing different hard/soft (h/s) segment ratios (1.05-1.4) were prepared using the prepolymer method. MDI (diphenylmethane-4,4′diisocyanate) and polyadipate of 1,4-butanediol (M w = 2440) were allowed to react to produce the prepolymer. To provide the polyurethanes with hig…
We consider an Allen–Cahn/Cahn–Hilliard system with a non‐degenerate mobility and (i) a logarithmic free energy and (ii) a non‐smooth free energy (the deep quench limit). This system arises in the modelling of phase separation and ordering in binary alloys. In particular we prove in each case that there exists a uniqu…
Nanosized Ti-UVM-7 materials with a hierarchical system of pores at two different length scales have been prepared through a one-pot procedure by using a simple template agent; the catalytic activity and selectivity of the resulting materials in bulky olefin epoxidation by organic peroxides are the highest reported to…
Pale yellow (AgI)2Ag3SbS3 was synthesized by the reaction of stoichiometric amounts of AgI and Ag3SbS3 (2 ∶ 1) at 683 K. It is air stable for several months. The crystal structure was determined at different temperatures in the range from 173 K to 573 K by single crystal X-ray diffraction. (AgI)2Ag3SbS3 crystallizes i…
A 27-m-long drilled core taken from Lake Cuitzeo, central Mexico, preserves a late Quaternary paleoenvironmental record of the center of the lake. Radiocarbon dating of the upper third of the core indicates an age of about 42,000 yr B.P.; an extrapolation of sedimentation rates from the upper part of the core suggests…
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved into a sophisticated, noninvasive imaging modality capable of high-resolution anatomical and functional characterization of transgenic animals. To expand the capabilities MRI, we have developed a novel MR signal amplification (MRamp) strategy based on enzyme-mediated polyme…
Spectroscopic, electrochemical and fluorescence properties of five octahedral tin(IV) porphyrins ([( TpTP ) Sn ( O -m,p- C 6 H 3 ( CH 3 ) 2 ) 2 ] (1), [( TpTP ) Sn ( O -p- C 6 H 4 ( CH 3 )) 2 ] (2), [( TpTP ) Sn ( O - C 6 H 5 ) 2 ] (3), [( TpTP ) Sn ( O -p- C 6 H 4 O -o,p- C 6 H 3 ( NO 2 ) 2 ) 2 ] (4) and [( TpTP ) Sn…
Comparison of the ultrastructure of the hyaline tissue of conodont elements and the enamel of vertebrates provides little support for a close phylogenetic relationship between conodonts and vertebrates. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy shows that the mineralised component of the hyaline tissue of Panderod…
Absorption of far-infrared (FIR) radiation and Raman scattering in CdTe nano-crystals (spherical quantum dots (QDs) of several nanometers in size) and Cd54Te32(SCH2CH2OH)8–32 clusters prepared by colloidal synthesis were studied. Raman spectra of both QDs and clusters are dominated by a peak situated slightly below th…