Materials Literature
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In the recycling of the permanent Nd–Fe–B magnet, the carbon such as free carbon and carbides at the grain boundary segregation in the magnet scrap are elements that are harmful and which obstruct the magnet performance. The removal of the carbon is currently a major problem. Remelting of scraps should, therefore, be…
The structural integrity of the oxysulfide material, before and after charge-discharge cycling at high temperature was studied by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The rock salt phase which is associated with capacity loss has been detected at the surface of the oxysulfide particl…
Structured polymer fibers with diameters down to tens of nanometers are of interest for applications in filters, in composite reinforcement, or as templates for the preparation of functional nanotubes. The Figure shows fibers of poly-L-lactide produced by electrospinning from a dichloromethane solution exhibiting regu…
The instabilities of Si3N4 and Si3N4 ceramics during sintering were reviewed. As a result of the instabilities, Si3N4 and Si3N4 ceramics lose their masses or decompose. The major mass loss reaction of Si3N4 ceramics is as follows.Si3N4(s)+3SiO2(l)=6SiO(g)+2N2(g)Regarding mass loss, decreasing the sintering temperature…
An array of iron nanowires within polyaniline nanotubules was obtained using a two-step template synthesis. First, an array of polyaniline nanotubules was synthesized in an alumina template, and then it was used as a “second-order template” for electrodeposition of iron within the polyaniline nanotubules. The polyanil…
A series of copolyamides 12.y was synthesized either with y = 6, or 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (1,4-CHDA) residue, or a mixture of both. The influence of the synthetic route of 1,4-CHDA containing polyamides on the obtained cis–trans ratio of the incorporated 1,4-CHDA was investigated. The use of acid chlorides…
Macro-scale supramolecular fibers composed of hydrogen bonded pseudo-polymer chains of guanosine derivatives were fibricated, and physical properties of the fibers were investigated.
Propeller-shaped molecules based on a triphenylbenzene crux bearing three oligomeric phenylenevinylene branches have been designed; very large first-order hyperpolarisabilities (up to ∥β∥ = 800 10−30 esu) were obtained while maintaining wide transparency in the visible region by taking advantage and boosting of intram…
Metatungstate salts α-[R4N]5H[H2W12O40] (R = Pr or Bu) were produced by phase transfer methods. Two one-electron reduction processes (E1/2 −1100, −1590 mV versus Ag–AgCl (saturated KCl in MeCN)) are seen for [Bu4N]5H[H2W12O40] in MeCN (Bu4NClO4, 0.1 M) solution. They convert into a single two-electron process in MeCN–…
Ti-rich Ti–Ni thin films of Ti–45.2, 46.1, 47.0, 47.9, 48.5 at%Ni were prepared by sputtering. The sputter-deposited thin films were annealed at 773, 823 and 873 K for 1 h. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Ti–45.2 at%Ni thin films contain randomly oriented Ti2Ni particles, while the other films contain T…
Photosensitive polyimides (PSPIs) are attracting much attention as an insulating materials for microelectronic applications. PSPIs can be directly patterned, simplify processing steps and do not need a photoresist to be used in the micro-lithographic stage, nor a toxic etchant. This review introduces the recent develo…
In the present study the bubble behavior in the narrow space are experimentally and numerically examined as the gap between two parallel walls and the position of bubble induction were changed. The main results are as follows. (1) The effects of two parallel walls can be classified by the ratio of the gap between the…
Heteroepitaxial Y2O3 films were grown on oxidized and clean Si (100) surfaces by ion assisted evaporation under an ultrahigh vacuum. The crystalline structure, crystallinity, morphology, and electrical properties were investigated using various techniques. The crystallinity assessed by x-ray diffraction and Rutherford…
The aim of the present study was to follow space charge formation under ac field (50 Hz) in polyolefins. The thermal step method was used, and charge accumulation was observed in crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE), very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), isotactic polypropylene (PP) and a PE /PP copolymer, the temperature…
The adsorption of NO on Pd-exchanged H-ZSM-5 containing from 0.18 up to 1.56 wt.% Pd was studied by in situ FTIR spectroscopy and dynamic volumetric experiments. At room temperature, NO adsorbs as two distinct NO-containing species (ν(NO) at 2136 and 1881 cm−1). These species exhibit different thermal stability: the 2…
There are a number of pairs of elements A and B in the periodic table that do not form binary oxides AxByO. We have used this fact to seek out crystalline precursors containing such metals that can be decomposed at elevated temperatures to form intimate mixtures of the individual oxides, AxO and ByO. Selective leachin…
Bainitic steels are emerging with the potential to replace eutectoid steels to achieve longer rail life. Bainitic steels of two compositions were made and processed into rails 13 m in length. The properties of these rails were evaluated in the as rolled slow cooled condition. The results from bainitic rail steels were…
The crystal structures of chitosan acid salts were studied by X-ray diffraction measurements on a fiber diagram and a new procedure to obtain an anhydrous polymorph of chitosan was found. The salts prepared by immersing a chitosan into a mixture of acid solution and isopropanol were classified into two types (Types I…
The atomic structure of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 solid solutions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was examined using time-of-flight neutron diffraction. In addition to the conventional crystallographic refinement the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was used. Crystallographic analysis suggests that the a…
Abs tract-4,5-Diiodo-, 4,5-dibromo-, and 4,5-dichloro-4' ,5' -ethylenedioxytetrathiafulvalenes (EDO-TTFI 2 , EDO-TTFBr 2 , and EDO-TTFCl 2 ) were synthesized in moderate to good yields by the two routes.The first route contains the reaction of EDO-TTF with LDA, followed by quenching with halogenated reagents, and the…