Materials Literature
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The overall behavior of a 2D lattice of voids embedded in an anisotropic matrix is investigated in the limit of vanishing porosity f. An effective-medium model (of the Hashin-Shtrikman type) which accounts for elastic interactions between neighboring voids, is compared to Fast Fourier Transform numerical solutions and…
Temperature and current dependences of resistivity of bulk La$_{0.75}$Ca$_{0.25}$MnO$_{3}$ sample grown by the floating-zone method were studied using single ramp pulses of current. It is found that near the Curie temperature $T_C$ the sample resistance depends substantially on current magnitude. The observed features…
New and concise descriptors of the residual density are presented, namely the gross residual electrons, the net residual electrons and the fractal dimension distribution. These descriptors indicate how much residual density is present and in what way it is distributed, i.e. the extent to which the distribution is feat…
A two-faced synthesis: Biphasic grafting at a Pickering emulsion interface leads to the formation of Janus colloids (see scheme; ATRP: atom transfer radical polymerization), which form Janus composite colloids by the preferential growth of desired materials in specific regions of the original colloids. This approach i…
An approach is outlined for X-ray structure refinement using atomic density fragments obtained by Hirshfeld partitioning of quantum-mechanical density fragments. Results are presented for crystal structure refinements of urea and benzene using these 'Hirshfeld atoms'. Using this procedure, the quantum-mechanical non-s…
Abstract A general large‐scale synthesis of single‐crystalline and uniform CeO 2 nanorods was first realized without templates by a precipitation method at room temperature and pressure. Such nanorods have an aspect ratio of ca. 3 nm with a diameter of ca. 8 nm and a large BET specific area of 128.2 m 2 /g. On the bas…
Semiconductor technology has taken us a long way by making devices of ever smaller size. But eventually, as the transistors approach the size of molecules, quantum effects become important. What will then be the form of future nanoelectronic devices? Can quantum mechanics be used to control device operation? And can t…
A general scheme for the preparation of non-spherical anatase TiO2 hollow particles and derived magnetic multifunctional particles by converting hematite cores to magnetite phase is reported (see figure). The TiO2 hollow particles manifest excellent cycling performance and rate capability, confirming their promising a…
We present differences in the mechanical behavior of nanoscale gold and molybdenum single crystals. A significant strength increase is observed as the size is reduced to 100 nm. Both nanocrystals exhibit discrete strain bursts during plastic deformation. We postulate that they arise from significant differences in the…
The exceptional electronic properties of graphene, with its charge carriers mimicking relativistic quantum particles and its formidable potential in various applications, have ensured a rapid growth of interest in this new material. We report on electron transport in quantum dot devices carved entirely from graphene.…
The electronic structure of La1−xSrxMnO3 thin films and its Tc dependence as studied using angle-resolved photoemission, Shi, M, Falub, M C, Willmott, P R, Krempasky, J, Herger, R, Patthey, L, Hricovini, K, Falub, C V, Schneider, M
Reviews the work of J. L. Snoek and his colleagues at Philips Research Laboratories Eindhoven.
When a system undergoes a first-order phase transition from a disordered to an ordered state, the local energy is first minimized. This local energy minimization often prevents a system from reaching the global energy minimum state and leads to trapping in an imperfectly ordered state with many defects. In soft matter…
Reduction of hydrophobic interaction in water is important in biological interfaces. In our previous work, we have found that poly(styrene- b-triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PS-PME3MA) segregates the PME3MA block to the surface in hydrophobic environment, such as in air or in a vacuum, and shows remarka…
We describe a method for obtaining two-dimensional X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data derived from the frequency dependence of the XPS peaks recorded under electrical square-wave pulses, which control and affect the binding energy positions via the electrical potentials developed as a result of charging. By using…
Goethite (FeOOH) rods were used as templates for growing gold nanotubes with a length of a few hundred nanometers and an aspect ratio between 3 and 4. Successful uniform growth required surface modification, followed by the attachment of small Au seeds and one-step seeded growth using formaldehyde as a reducing agent,…
Abstract The treatment of cellulose with cold plasma in the presence of two silanes is found to be efficient in the grafting of cellulose macromolecules. The occurrence of the grafting is proven by contact angle measurement, ESCA, and SEM. Thus, after plasma treatment the polar component of the surface energy of the t…
From the time of early development of a fetus, the genitourinary system is exposed to a variety of possible injuries. Individuals may suffer from congenital disorders, cancer, trauma, infection, inflammation, iatrogenic injuries, or other conditions that may lead to genitourinary organ damage or loss and require event…
Orientation of a nematic liquid crystal, E-7, was investigated using coumarin-containing polymethacrylates to elucidate the roles played by the dilution of coumarin and the polarization ratio of irradiation. Dilution of coumarin by inert moieties had adverse effects on a nematic cell’s number density of disclinations…
One of the options enabling more economic production of polyhydroxyalkanoates compared to pure cultures is the application of mixed cultures. The use of a microbial community in a sequencing batch reactor has a few advantages: a simple process control, no necessity for sterile processing, and possibilities of using ch…