Materials Literature
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The role of ammonium ions in order–disorder ferroelastic, ferroelectric and structural phase transitions was studied in mixed [(NH4)1–x Rb x ]3H(SO4)2 0 < x < 1 crystals by dielectric spectroscopy and ac calorimetry. A new superprotonic phase was detected in compounds with x > 0·6. It was found that small Rb concentra…
Summary Permafrost desiccates and indurates soil horizons. During summer, the perennially frozen ground under the active thawed layer creates confined conditions, Whereas in winter the closed system between the permafrost and the freezing front migrating downwards leads to irreversible changes in the soil structure an…
Abstract An investigation of the influence of the melt shear viscosities of polyethylenes (PE) on the morphology, barrier, and impact properties of polyethylene/modified polyamide PE/MPA bottles is reported. The melt shear viscosities of polyethylenes exhibited a significant influence on the deformation and morphology…
The objective of this research was to investigate the use of electrochemical noise (EN) for detecting stress corrosion crack (SCC) initiation in boiling water reactor (BWR) environments. Initial experiments examined the response of sensitized AISI Type 304 stainless steel (SS) in slow strain-rate tensile (SSRT) tests…
A method is described for converting video signals of analog scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) into digital images of high quality. A plug-in card commercially available for personal computers is used for the on-line analog/digital conversion. A Windows application program written by the authors, together with low-…
Abstract 2,2′-(Dihexyl-2,2′-bithienylidene-5,5′-diylidene)bis(propanedinitrile)s (dihexylbithienoquinonoid derivatives), in which two 3-hexylthiophene moieties are connected with head-to-tail (HT) and tail-to-tail (TT) orientations, were synthesized. HT bithienoquinonoid was isolated in a single form together with a s…
We grew large single crystals of reproducibly over a wide doping range using an improved travelling solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method. We performed a simulation on the lamp-image focusing to find an optimum condition for a steep temperature gradient along the rod. Based on the results of simulation, we adapted small…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOn the Mechanism of Matrix-Assisted Room Temperature PhosphorescenceChristine A. Mitchell, Richard W. Gurney, Sei-Hum Jang, and Bart KahrView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Box 351700 University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700 Cite this: J. A…
Films of Ti oxide, Zr oxide, Ce oxide, Ti-Ce oxide, and Zr-Ce oxide were made by means of reactive dc magnetron sputtering in a multitarget arrangement. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction and electrochemical measurements, both techniques being firmly connected to stoichiometric information. The optical…
The melting behavior and the isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(butylene adipate), poly(butylene isophthalate) and their random copolymers were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry. Multiple endotherms, commonly observed on the melting polyesters, were found to be influenced by crystalli…
Optical properties of porous silicon superlattices are investigated using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry. Different phenomena such as in-depth inhomogeneities and interface transition regions are resolved and studied using various optical models. The optical properties of the samples are modified irreversib…
Abstract The covalent connection of a catalytically active transition metal center with a water‐soluble receptor (host molecule) generates a new type of supramolecular catalyst in which the features of molecular recognition, phase transfer catalysis and transition metal catalysis are combined in a single system. The f…
By solving numerically the full set of hydrodynamic equations governing the pulsation of a bubble, we show that shock waves are often absent in a stable sonoluminescing bubble. Nevertheless, for a wide range of physical parameters, a continuous compressional wave emerges and heats up the bubble, and the resulting blac…
Ferroelectric properties were investigated using SrRuO 3 /(Ba x , Sr 1- x )TiO 3 (BSTO)/SrRuO 3 all-perovskite heteroepitaxial capacitors on strontium titanate substrates. The dielectric film had a composition with a Ba content of x =0 to 1, i.e., the whole composition of the SrTiO 3 –BaTiO 3 solid-solution system. Th…
The polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene of Comamonas acidovorans DS-17 (phaCCa) was cloned by using the synthase gene of Alcaligenes eutrophus as a heterologous hybridization probe. Complete sequencing of a 4.0-kbp SmaI-HindIII (SH40) subfragment revealed the presence of a 1,893-bp PHA synthase coding region whic…
Flat panel self-scanned x-ray detectors using amorphous selenium (a-Se) as the photoconductor are being developed to replace both film/screen cassette systems for radiography and image intensifier (XRII)/video systems for fluoroscopy. These use a two-dimensional array of pixel electrodes to collect and readout the lat…
Interactions of CH3OH with stoichiometric (nearly defect-free) and defective TiO2(110) and (100) surfaces have been studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The CH3OH saturation coverage was increased by increasing the number of defects created by electron-beam exposur…
A preliminary crystal structure of syndiotactic poly(β-hydroxybutyrate), syn PHB, was derived by using X-ray fiber and powder diffraction data in conjunction with computational modeling. The X-ray fiber diagram of highly stretched 69% syn PHB gave 23 reflections and a fiber repeat of 7.69 Å. The diffraction trace of a…
The Building Research Establishment have been involved in two different types of pressure extension tests.In this paper the two groups of results have been brought together, and the effect of both on future designs of protective measures for new buildings considered.In one study the pressure field due to a central sum…
Anions have been shown to play a dominant role in the crystallization of chicken egg-white lysozyme from salt solutions. Previous studies employing X-ray crystallography have found one chloride ion binding site in the tetragonal crystal form of the protein and four nitrate ion binding sites in the monoclinic form. In…