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Electron imaging and diffraction study of individual crystals of bone, mineralized tendon and synthetic carbonate apatite

Janet Moradian‐Oldak、Steve Weiner、Lia Addadi 等 5 位作者1991-01-01Connective Tissue Research

A transmission electron microscope study of carbonate apatite crystals isolated from bone and mineralizing tendon, as well as those produced synthetically under approximated-physiological conditions, shows that they are thin irregular shaped plates. Electron diffraction patterns of individual crystals confirm that the…

Bone Tissue Engineering MaterialsCrystal Structures and PropertiesCalcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition

Trivalent boron as acceptor chromophore in asymmetrically substituted 4,4′-biphenyl and azobenzene for non-linear optics

M. Lequan、Rose Marie Lequan、Kathleen I. Chane‐Ching1991-01-01Journal of Materials Chemistry

[4′-(Dimethylamino)biphenyl-4-yl]dimesitylborane (BNB) and [4′-(dimethylamino)phenylazophenyl-4-yl]dimesitylborane (BNA) have been prepared and studied by a solvatochromic technique. The high second-order hyperpolarisability coefficients βCT determined by this technique, 37 and 240 × 10–30 esu, respectively, show that…

Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryNonlinear Optical Materials ResearchNonlinear Optical Materials Studies

Graft copolymer compatibilizers for blends of polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers

David J. Lohse、Sudhin Datta、E. N. Kresge1991-01-01Macromolecules

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGraft copolymer compatibilizers for blends of polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymersDavid J. Lohse, Sudhin Datta, and Edward N. KresgeCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 2, 561–566Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002…

biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties

Infrared spectroscopic studies of the reactions of alcohols over group IVB metal oxide catalysts. Part 2.—Methanol over TiO 2 , ZrO 2 and HfO 2

G.A.M. Hussein、N. Sheppard、Mohamed I. Zaki 等 4 位作者1991-01-01Journal of the Chemical Society Faraday Transactions

Infrared spectroscopy has been used to analyse the gas-phase reaction products, and the related adsorbed species, obtained from the decomposition of methanol over TiO2, ZrO2 or HfO2 catalysts after consecutive 10 min heating periods at 50 °C intervals between room temperature and 400 °C. Somewhat different results wer…

Catalytic Processes in Materials ScienceCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization StudiesCatalysis and Oxidation Reactions

Carbon black filled natural rubber. 1. Structural investigations

J. C. Kenny、Vincent J. McBrierty、Z. Rigbi 等 4 位作者1991-01-01Macromolecules

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon black filled natural rubber. 1. Structural investigationsJ. C. Kenny, V. J. McBrierty, Z. Rigbi, and D. C. DouglassCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 2, 436–443Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 J…

Polymer crystallization and propertiesPolymer Nanocomposites and Properties

Colloidal carriers for controlled drug delivery and targeting : modification, characterization, and in vivo distribution

Rainer Müller1991-01-01OpenAlex

INTRODUCTION. THE CONCEPT OF CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY AND DRUG TARGETING. INTERACTION OF I.V. ADMINISTERED CARRIERS WITH BLOOD COMPONENTS AND THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM. IN VIVO FATE OF I.V. ADMINISTERED DRUG CARRIERS. BIODEGRADABLE CARRIERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY. LOCALIZATION OF CARRIERS IN THE TARGET TISSUE. TARGETI…

Bone Tissue Engineering MaterialsAdvanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterizationbiodegradable polymer synthesis and properties

Catalytic activity of supported heteropoly acids for reactions requiring strong acid centres

K. Nowińska、R. Fiedorow、J. Adamiec1991-01-01Journal of the Chemical Society Faraday Transactions

The effect of supports such as silica, alumina, amorphous aluminosilicate and magnesia on the activity of heteropoly acids (HPA) for reactions requiring strong and very strong acid sites has been studied. It has been found that 12-tungstophosphoric acid (HPW) mounted on alumina and silica catalyses cumene cracking at…

Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and ApplicationsCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization StudiesChemical Synthesis and Reactions

Compounding of Thermoplastic Starch with Twin‐screw Extruders

Werner Wiedmann、Edgar Strobel1991-01-01Starch - Stärke

Abstract The compounding of thermoplastic starch can be regarded as a combined process consisting of extrusion cooking and plastic compounding. The quality of the product is determined largely by the degree of mechanical shear, temperature and water content. These parameters can be influenced both by the machine syste…

biodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesAdditive Manufacturing and 3D Printing TechnologiesBiopolymer Synthesis and Applications

Oxide Growth Mechanism on Zirconium Alloys

F. Garzarolli、Heiko Seidel、R Tricot 等 4 位作者1991-01-01OpenAlex

In order to get a better understanding of the mechanisms governing corrosion of Zr-based alloys, several examinations have been performed on a variety of samples with uniform and nodular corrosion and different oxide layer thicknesses. The results point to a barrier layer concept. The oxide layer becomes porous at a c…

Nuclear Materials and Properties

Ultrasonic degradation of polymer solutions. 1. Polystyrene revisited

Gareth J. Price、Paul F. Smith1991-01-01Polymer International

Abstract The results of ultrasonic irradiation of polystyrene solutions in toluene, benzene and carbon tetrachloride are described. The effect of a range of conditions such as ultrasonic intensity, solution concentration and varying solvents were investigated. The non‐random nature of the degradation process was clear…

Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena

Highly conjugated π-electron donors for organic metals: synthesis and redox chemistry of new 1,3-dithiole and 1,3-selenathiole derivatives

Adrian J. Moore、Martin R. Bryce1991-01-01Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions 1

The bis(1,3-dithiolium) dication salts 8a–c have been synthesised in three steps (31–51% overall yields) starting from 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)naphthalene, 9,10-bis(chloromethyl)anthracene and 4,4′-bis(chloromethyl)biphenyl, respectively. The bis(halogenomethyl) compounds 5 were converted into the dipiperidiniumbis(dithio…

Organic and Molecular Conductors ResearchN-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Organic and Inorganic ChemistryOrganic Chemistry Cycloaddition Reactions

Energy Deposition in Small Cylindrical Targets by Monoenergetic Electrons

H. Nikjoo、D.T. Goodhead、D.E. Charlton 等 4 位作者1991-01-01International Journal of Radiation Biology

Calculations of energy deposition in cylindrical target volumes of diameter and height 1-100 nm, including those similar to the dimensions of biological molecules and structures such as DNA, nucleosomes and chromatin fibre, have been made. The calculations used the Monte Carlo track structure program MOCA8B for electr…

Radiation Therapy and DosimetryX-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence AnalysisElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques

Structure and properties of partially neutralized poly(acrylic acid) gels

F. Schosseler、F. Ilmain、S. J. Candau1991-01-01Macromolecules

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and properties of partially neutralized poly(acrylic acid) gelsF. Schosseler, F. Ilmain, and S. J. CandauCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 1, 225–234Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January…

Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsbiodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesSurfactants and Colloidal Systems

Raman Spectroscopy Study of the Tetragonal-to-monoclinic Transition in Zirconium Oxide Scales and Determination of Overall Oxygen Diffusion by Nuclear Microanalysis of O18

J. Godlewski、JP Gros、M. Lambertin 等 5 位作者1991-01-01OpenAlex

Two allotropic forms of zirconium oxide, monoclinic and tetragonal, have been identified in the scales formed on zirconium alloys. The transition from tetragonal to monoclinic has been followed by X-ray measurements and Raman laser spectroscopy. Information on the average content of the tetragonal phase was obtained b…

Fusion materials and technologiesHigh Temperature Alloys and CreepNuclear Materials and Properties

Reliability of optical fibers exposed to hydrogen: prediction of long-term loss increases

P. J. Lemaire1991-01-01Optical Engineering

Hydrogen-induced loss increases are known to occur in optical fibers, due both to the presence of molecular H<sub>2</sub> and to the reaction of hydrogen with defects in the fibers. To predict the long-term loss increases expected for fibers under normal conditions, it is necessary to rely on accelerated aging experim…

Advanced Fiber Optic SensorsHigh voltage insulation and dielectric phenomenaPower Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation

Ferroresonance in power systems: Fundamental solutions

José R. Martí、A.C. Soudack1991-01-01IEE Proceedings C Generation Transmission and Distribution

Ferroresonance can occur in power transformers or reactors fed through capacitive coupling from neighbouring phases or lines. Ritz&apos;s method of harmonic balance is used to formulate an analytical solution to the problem of fundamental frequency ferroresonance. A two-term polynomial of order 11 is used to accuratel…

Magnetic Properties and ApplicationsPower Transformer Diagnostics and InsulationNon-Destructive Testing Techniques

OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF FABRIC MECHANICAL PROPERTY AND QUALITY:

Sueo Kawabata、Masako Niwa1991-01-01International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology

Textiles as clothing material must fit the human body and senses. This fitting is an important performance of the textiles besides the utility performance of textiles such as fabric strength. For many years, the performance concerning this fitness has been evaluated subjectively by hand judgement. The fabric property…

Optical measurement and interference techniquesTextile materials and evaluationsIndustrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection

Redox-switched molecular aggregates: the first example of vesicle formation from hydrophobic ferrocene derivatives

Julio C. Medina、Isabelle Gay、Zhihong Chen 等 5 位作者1991-01-01Journal of the American Chemical Society

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox-switched molecular aggregates: the first example of vesicle formation from hydrophobic ferrocene derivativesJulio C. Medina, Isabelle Gay, Zhihong Chen, Luis Echegoyen, and George W. GokelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 1, 365–366Publication Date (Print):Januar…

Molecular Sensors and Ion DetectionSupramolecular Chemistry and ComplexesPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry

CERAMIC COATINGS BY ANODIC SPARK DEPOSITION

G. P. WIRTZ、S. D. Brown、Waltraud M. Kriven1991-01-01Materials and Manufacturing Processes

A wide range of ceramic coatings has been deposited on metal substrates by a reaction occurring during dielectric breakdown at the anode surface in an electrochemical cell, which is accompanied by visible sparking at the anode/electrolyte interface. While the majority of work reported has been on oxide coatings deposi…

Metal and Thin Film MechanicsSemiconductor materials and devicesDiamond and Carbon-based Materials Research