Materials Literature
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The electronic structure of the conjugated polymer, polyaniline, has been studied by resonant and nonresonant soft x-ray emission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation for the excitation. The measurements were made on polyaniline and a few doped (protonated) phases for both the carbon and nitrogen contents. The res…
The theory of a novel bond-order potential, which is based on the block Lanczos algorithm, is presented within an orthogonal tight-binding representation. The block scheme handles automatically the very different character of sigma and pi bonds by introducing block elements, which produces rapid convergence of the ene…
A modified cathodic arc technique has been used to deposit carbon nitride thin films directly on n+ Si substrates. Transmission Electron Microscopy showed that clusters of fullerene-like nanoparticles are embedded in the deposited material. Field emission in vacuum from as-grown films starts at an electric field stren…
The loss of Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 activity for methanol synthesis has been studied over 50 h under a range of synthesis gas compositions. Experiments have been carried out at differential and finite conversions in order to compare deactivation under the pure feed to that in the presence of products. Under differential conve…
The present study provides comprehensive information on the effects of process parameter variations on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in CO 2 absorption systems using aqueous amine solutions. The process parameters of interest are amine type, concentration of the amine solutions, solution temperature, CO 2 loa…
A metal nanoshell is a composite nanoparticle consisting of a dielectric core coated by a thin metal shell; its peak plasmon resonance wavelength is determined by the ratio of the core diameter to the shell thickness. When p-mercaptoaniline (p-MA) is in solution with gold nanoshells that have their plasmon resonance n…
Thermochromic VO<SUB>2</SUB> thin films have been deposited by reactive RF cathodic sputtering, using a V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> target. They were characterized by XRD, AFM and optical measurements. We show that the microstructure influences the optical response of the material, i.e. its hysteresis cycle as well as…
In PrBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y} (Pr123) single crystals grown by the flux method the kink in the magnetic susceptibility chi_{ab}(T), connected with AFM ordering of Pr, disappears after field cooling (FC) in a field H||ab-plane whereas the kink in chi_c(T) remains unchanged after FC in H||c-axis. This seems to be connected with…
We use the Quantum Hypernetted Chain Approximation (QHNC) to calculate the ion-ion and electron-ion correlations for liquid metallic Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, and Ga. We discuss trends in electron-ion structure factors and radial distribution functions, and also calculate the free-atom and metallic-atom form-factors,…
Magnetic properties were studied for the high quality Al-free orthorhombic Gd_{1-x}Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y} single crystals (0<=x<=1.0) grown by the flux method. An indication on the interaction between the Pr and Cu(2) magnetic sublattices was found for Pr123. Different signs of magnetic anisotropy were established for th…
We have performed detailed magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies to determine the temperature vs concentration ($T$ - $x$) phase diagram of Cu${}_{1-x}$Mg${}_x$GeO${}_3$. We observe clear double peaks in the magnetic susceptibility implying two antiferromagnetic (AF) tra…
Measurements of the interfacial properties between an elastic tape and poly(methyl methylcrylate) substrates were carried out using a circular blister test. All properties, including adhesive fracture energy Ga, residual stress ςo and the elastic modulus of the tapes can be deduced in a single test. Three different ap…
Cavitation induced by a converging flow leads to such a powerful concentration of energy that subnanosecond flashes of light with an ultraviolet spectrum are emitted. Light intensity is enhanced a factor of 5000 by using xenon rather than helium. This xenon enhancement is similar to that seen with surface bubbles and…
The properties of nanostructured plastics are determined by complex relationships between the type and size of the nanoreinforcement, the interface and chemical interaction between the nanoreinforcement and the polymeric chain, along with macroscopic processing and microstructural effects. In this article, we investig…
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polystyrene (PS) are immiscible and incompatible and have been well recognized. In this study, styrene maleic anhydride random copolymer (SMA–8 wt % MA) and tetra-glycidyl ether of diphenyl diamino methane (TGDDM) are employed as reactive dual compatibilizers in the blends of PET…
The effects of ionic strength and pH on the diffusion coefficients and gross conformation of chitosan molecules in solution were studied. Chitosan with 83% degree of deacetylation (DD) was prepared from red shrimp (Solemocera prominenitis) processing waste. Ten different molecular weight chitosans were prepared by ult…
We have observed electric-field-induced and photoinduced switching from insulating to conducting state in stressed epitaxial Sm0.5Sr0.5MnO3 thin films fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition. Previously known only in bulk crystals of perovskite manganese oxides, the switching behavior in thin film form is more significa…
The interface formation between indium–tin–oxide (ITO) having various work functions and N,N′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (NPB) was investigated using x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Phosphoric acid and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide were used to modify the ITO work functi…
Polarization analyses of transmitted and first-diffracted orders have been performed on photoinduced gratings in azopolymers. The polarization states of diffracted orders depend strongly on irradiation time because of the contribution from both a phase grating at short time and a surface relief grating at longer time.…
First-principle studies of magnons and magnon-phonon interactions are carried out in bcc and fcc iron in the adiabatic approximation. It is shown that the phonons have a minor effect on magnons in bcc Fe and thus the lattice vibrations make a small contribution to the Curie temperature. fcc Fe is unstable against magn…