Materials Literature
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In this study, high-quality ZnO:Al (ZAO) films were prepared by using dc reaction magnetron sputtering technology. The effect of Al doped in ZnO films on electrical and optical properties and its scattering mechanism were discussed in detail. The results showed that Al2O3 could be effectively removed by controlling ox…
Abstract The perovskite‐like manganites R 1− x A x MnO 3 , where R is a trivalent rare earth or Y and A is a divalent alkaline earth element, are characterized by a strong interplay of magnetism, electric transport and crystallographic distortion. At doping levels 0.15 < x < 0.45 the materials exhibit colossal m…
Pressing environmental and economic concerns dictate the need to develop new synthetic macromolecules based on renewable resources. The vast majority of existing materials are based on non-renewable fossil resources that will eventually be extinguished. Manufacturing synthetic polymers and disposal by incineration pro…
Thermal analysis involves a dynamic phenomenological approach to the study of materials by observing the response of these materials to a change in temperature. This approach differs fundamentally from static methods of analysis, such as structural or chemical analyses, which rely on direct observations of a basic pro…
Abstract Biodegradable homopolyesters such as poly(butylene succinate) (PBSU) and poly(butylene adipate) (PBAD) and copolyesters such as poly(butylene succinate‐ co ‐butylene adipate) (PBSA) were synthesized, respectively, from succinic acid (SA) and adipic acid (AA) with 1,4‐butanediol through a two‐step process of e…
There are a number of strategies available for extending the length scale of structural organization in inorganic materials. Those that involve the assembly of inorganic nanoparticles into materials with higher-order architecture are collectively termed nanotectonics . In this review, we highlight one possible approac…
Polymer-inorganic nanocomposite films of PEO−ZnO and PEO−ZnO−LiClO 4, where PEO stands for poly(ethylene oxide), have been prepared through a film-casting method. Interactions between PEO (MW = 600 000) and ZnO nanoparticles (average size 3.5 nm, with acetate groups on the surface) decrease the photoluminescence inten…
The study of amphiphilic polymer based functional organic−inorganic hybrid materials is an emerging research area offering enormous scientific and technological promise. Here, we show that employing poly(isoprene- block -ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PI- b -PEO) and a silicon precursor, which contains a polymeriza…
The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of fine-grained materials, and especially clay minerals, is a fundamental property of these materials, and can be determined routinely. A search of the recent literature illustrates the great interest of this property to researchers. For example, a search of the GeoRef database for r…
Chemical analysis is an essential step to establish the nature of minerals (Newman, 1987). The techniques used in rock and mineral analyses are generally valid for the analyses of clays. Additional information from other analytical techniques, which are mentioned here, is needed for accurate interpretation of the chem…
Thermodynamics and phase diagrams of materials diffusion in crystalline solids statistical theories of phase transitions homogeneous second phase precipitation transformations involving interfacial diffusion diffusionless transformations spinodal decomposition high pressure phase transformations atomic ordering solidi…
A novel capacitor devicewith a high, frequency-independent dielectric constant has been fabricated by a simple powder processing route. A mixture of microparticles of ferroelectric BaTiO3 and de-passivated metallic nickel was sintered to yield percolative composites in which the system of conducting particles separate…
Probing the photoelectrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) led to the discovery of photoinduced molecular desorption phenomena in nanotube molecular wires. These phenomena were found to be generic to various molecule–nanotube systems. Photodesorption strongly depends on the wavelength of light, t…
Electrospun polymer fibers can be coated with amorphous titanium dioxide using a sol–gel coating technique. After removal of the organic material by thermal treatment hollow titania fibers are produced. The sol–gel coating is able to reproduce the finer details of the fiber, e.g., the Figure shows how oval nodules tha…
Abstract Nanosized TiO 2 particles coated with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBS) and stearic acid (St) were prepared using the hydrothermal procedure. The average size of the DBS/TiO 2 and St/TiO 2 particles is very small, about 8 nm. Raman spectra from DBS/TiO 2 and St/TiO 2 were measured, and scattering signals from…
Y2O3:Eu nanocrystals in the size range 70–100 nm have been synthesized with a photoluminescence efficiency 10–20 % higher than that of the commercial bulk material. The Figure shows nanocrystalline Y2O3:Eu after firing of the precursor material. It can be seen that the crystals are structurally perfect, i.e., no defec…
A polycrystalline aluminum sample with a quasi-2D single layer of coarse grains is plastically deformed in a channel die plane strain set-up at ambient temperature and low strain rate. The microtexture of the specimen is determined by analysis of electron back scattering patterns obtained in a scanning electron micros…
The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric constants of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 domain engineered single crystal were determined experimentally by using ultrasonic and resonance methods. It was confirmed that the single crystal system has large electromechanical coupling coefficient k33 (∼94%) and piezoelectri…
We determine, with excellent agreement between theory and experiment, the behavior of single wall carbon nanotubes during uniform electron irradiation. Calculations utilizing known ejection threshold energies predict that an isolated nanotube will damage preferentially on surfaces that lie normal to the electron beam.…
A strong laser pulse that is focused into a liquid produces a vapor cavity, which first expands and then collapses with subsequent rebounds. In this paper a mathematical model of the spherically symmetric motion of a laser-induced bubble is proposed. It describes gas and liquid dynamics including compressibility, heat…