Materials Literature
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In the framework of the density functional theory, we study the energetics and geometry of three-dimensional solids made of single-shell carbon nanotubes. Amongst the investigated forms, a hexagonal packing with an interdistance of 3.14 Å between the tubes is found to be the most stable. We find that the matching of a…
The effects of mutual saturation of octanol and water on solute partitioning and solubility have been examined. The partition coefficients and solubilities in octanol, water and mutually saturated octanol–water phases were determined for eight antivirus guanine derivatives. Using the solubility data, enthalpies of fus…
The aim of this paper is to give an overview on partial discharges at dc voltage. A model is presented which describes the stochastic discharge process. The model is experimentally verified for internal discharges and for corona in air. In addition, the classification of discharge patterns is discussed. The 3-dimensio…
Proceedings of the 10th International Clays Conference, Adelaide, Australia, July 18 to 23, 1993. Clays have provided us with the most active ingredients in soils, with building materials, with pottery and ceramics for both utility and decoration, and with coatings and fillers for paper, among other uses. The unique p…
The manual provides details and recommendations concerning the experimental methods used in catalysis. The objective is to provide recommendations on methodology (rational approaches to preparation and measurements). It is not intended to provide specific methods of preparation or measurement, nor is it concerned with…
The protein components of biomineralized structures (matrix proteins) are believed to modulate crystal nucleation and growth, and thereby influence the shape and strength of the final structure. The chicken eggshell contains a complex array of distinct matrix proteins. One of these was found to have similar molecular…
* Corrosion and Society * Enabling Theory for Aqueous Corrosion * Practical Aqueous Corrosion * The Theory of Aqueous Corrosion * Dissimilar Metal Corrosion * Selective Attack * Crevice and Pitting Corrosion: Concentration Cells * Flow-Induced Corrosion * Enabling Theory for Environment-Sensitive Cracking * Environmen…
The applications of supported metal catalysts vary widely, from selective hydrogenation in the fine chemicals industry to the control of vehicle emissions. Yet many basic questions about the structure, activity, and durability of these catalysts remain unanswered. For example, there is still much uncertainty about the…
Abstract Crystallization from solutions often starts in such a way that thermodynamically unstable phases appear first followed by recrystallization to thermodynamically stable phases. This empirical observation, called as Ostwald's rule of stages, is explamed here on the basis of structure changes of solutions. Exper…
We studied recovery of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) from Alcaligenes eutrophus and a recombinant Escherichia coli strain harboring the A. eutrophus poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) biosynthesis genes. The amount of PHB degraded to a lower-molecular-weight compound in A. eutrophus during the recovery process was signi…
A preparation method for nanoparticles based on an emulsification of a benzyl alcohol solution of a polymer in a hydrocolloid-stabilized aqueous solution followed by a dilution of the emulsion with water, was developed. Several process parameters were varied, including the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) or gelat…
In this paper relevant aspects of digital processing of partial discharge (PD) as measured by conventional PD detection methods are discussed. Moreover, a systematic study of PD quantities is presented and discussed within the scope of practical PD analyzers, including recognition of defects in certain HV insulation c…
The surface chemistry of supported chromium catalysts (Cr/SiO2· Al2O3) has been systematically investigated as a function of the support composition (Si:Al ratio) and the Cr oxide loading by a combination of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray Absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS–XANES) an…
Contents: Biomimetics: Natural Materials as Paradigms for Superior Aerospace Systems (F.L. Hedberg and G.K. Haritos). Microstructure of an Insect Cuticle and Its Applications to Advanced Composites (S.L. Gunderson and R.C. Schiavone). Hierarchical Twin Structures and Multiple Tilings in the Nacre of Abalone Shell (M.…
Polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal films (PDLC) can be electrically switched from a zero-field opaque state to an activated clear state. They can be made in several ways, although UV polymerisation is most common. The physical performance of these films has led to their use in a wide range of applications from privacy f…
Moderate concentrations of a small non-adsorbing polymer cause a suspension of colloidal particles to phase separate into coexisting colloidal fluid and crystal via the ‘depletion’ mechanism. At higher polymer concentrations, crystallization is suppressed, and a variety of non-equilibrium aggregation behaviour is obse…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyol Recognition by a Steroid-Capped Porphyrin. Enhancement and Modulation of Misfit Guest Binding by Added Water or MethanolRichard P. Bonar-Law and Jeremy K. M. SandersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1, 259–271Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication H…
The behavior of solids can be represented by a variety of continuum theories. For example, Cosserat elasticity allows the points in the continuum to rotate as well as translate, and the continuum supports couple per unit area as well as force per unit area. We examine experimental methods for determining the six Cosse…
Among the nonlinear optical (NLO) materials , second harmonic generators are important because of their applications in extending the limited frequencies available from lasers. A theory is presented that makes it possible to design and synthesize new NLO materials according to need, based on an understanding of the st…
Recent developments in high energy magnets have created widespread interest in the area of permanent magnet (PM) motors. The use of PM synchronous motors or brushless motors to replace conventional DC or induction type motors has not been as speedy as anticipated earlier. This paper deals with the temperature effects…