Materials Literature
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Process in polymer free volume is very important in initiation phase of electrical tree under ac stress. Electrons injected from electrode are accelerated in free volume and bombard free volume wall to produce free radical and break polymer chain. Kind of gas in free volume has a large effect on ac tree initiation. Un…
The double layer capacitor was developed in the late 1960s by the SOHIO Corporation, with further development continued by NEC and Matsushita in Japan. In 1978, a commercial product was introduced by Matsushita, the Panasonic Gold capacitor. This recent technological advancement has mainly been applied in computer mem…
This paper discusses the development and test of a prototype thermoelectric generator which is designed to use the heat of existing wood fired stoves that are typically used in the area for home heating. This generator is being developed by the Royal Institute of Technology, in Sweden, to provide small amounts of powe…
The structure of thin, aggregated layers of CuS nanoparticles, grown in Langmuir−Blodgett film precursors, was investigated with atomic force microscopy along with the study of their electrical conductivity. Very thin layers revealed an essentially insulating behavior. These layers were composed of isolated particle a…
Direct decomposition and reaction of hydrogen peroxide inside a titanium dioxide/hexadecylamine slurry dispersion results in a foaming, inorganic/organic hybrid composite material containing TiO 2 with intercalated hexadecylamine with extended, sponge-like, porous structure. The complex structure of the synthesized fo…
A semi-batch reactor method was developed for directly synthesizing undoped and doped nanometer-scale CeO 2 particles at room temperature. Powders exhibited a surface area of ≈170 m 2 /g. Control over the particle size, size distribution, and state of agglomeration could be achieved through variation of the mixing con…
The Collaborative Computational Project Number 4 (CCP4) was established in 1979 to promote collaboration between UK groups writing software for protein crystallography. CCP4 now distributes a large software suite and is active in developing new software. Equally importantly, CCP4 provides a focus for the whole protein…
The reaction of Ln(NO3)3.aq with K3[Fe(CN)6] or K3[Co(CN)6] in N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) led to 25 heterodinuclear [Ln(DMF)4(H2O)3(mu-CN)Fe(CN)5].nH2O and [Ln(DMF)4(H2O)3(mu-CN)Co(CN)5].nH2O complexes (with Ln = all the lanthanide(III) ions, except promethium and lutetium). Five complexes (Pr(3+)-Fe3+), (Tm(3+)-Fe3…
The anomalous thermal conductivity in spin chains observed in experiments is studied for the low temperature regime. In the effective dynamics with most realistic perturbations, the so-called Umklapp terms is irrelevant to reduce mean free path in the energy transport at even finite temperatures. This is consistent wi…
Using remarkably simple experimental techniques it is possible to gently break a metallic contact and thus form conducting nanowires. During the last stages of the pulling a neck-shaped wire connects the two electrodes, the diameter of which is reduced to single atom upon further stretching. For some metals it is even…
We carry out a detailed comparison of soft particle molecular dynamics simulations with the theory of partially fluidized shear granular flows. We verify by direct simulations a constitutive relation based on the separation of the shear stress tensor into a fluid part proportional to the strain rate tensor, and a rema…
A negative contribution of the CH4 impurity to the thermal expansion of the solution has been revealed in dilatometric studies of solid Kr+0.76% CH4, Kr+5.25% CH4 and Kr+10.5% CH4 solutions at 1-23 K. It is shown that the negative contribution results from changes in the occupancy of the ground state of the A-modifica…
The low temperature (2-24 K) thermal expansion of pure (single crystal and polycrystalline) C60 and polycrystalline C60 intercalated with He, Ne, Ar, and Kr has been investigated using high-resolution capacitance dilatometer. The investigation of the time dependence of the sample length variations on heating shows tha…
This paper presents a practical method for predicting the core losses in magnetic components for an arbitrary shape of the magnetizing current. This theory is based on a weighted time derivative of the magnetic flux density and offers the possibility to use the suppliers data, normally derived from measurements with s…
CeO 2 −ZrO 2 mixed oxides were synthesized by two mild chemical routes: complexation with citric acid and the sol−gel method. XRD and ESEM investigations revealed the appearance of a solid solution around 400 °C, depending on the ratio between the two oxides and the preparation method. Solids obtained by the citrate m…
We report here the solution-phase synthesis of highly uniform and monodisperse cubic Cu 2 O nano- and microcubes. Copper(II) salts in water are reduced with sodium ascorbate in air, in the presence of a surfactant. The average edge length of the cubes varies from 200 to 450 nm, as a function of surfactant concentratio…
We report the first successful integration of magnetostrictive Metglas (Fe/sub 78/Si/sub 9/B/sub 13/) thin film sensor with a readout circuit using standard integrated circuit (IC) process and surface micromachining. The Metglas thin film is on a nitride cantilever beam. Its magnetic domains are subject to rotation in…
The phonon contribution to the thermopower, S/sub p/, was first seen in germanium at low temperatures, and theoretically explained by Herring. Subsequently it was also predicted and identified in metals and alloys. In melts all phonons interact with the electron gas, and the theory is much simpler. In semiconductors o…
Direct measurement of space charge and conduction current was carried out on low-density polyethylene degraded by ultraviolet radiation using a pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method. Dominant heterocharges were formed near both electrodes by high voltage application and was found to be deeply trapped. In this paper, th…
Partial discharge measurement has been a good tool for the quality assurance of power cable insulation under alternating voltage. With the growing interest in HVDC power cables, it therefore seems logical to extend this technique for use at direct voltage. The paper describes this technique as used on a HVDC cable wit…