Materials Literature
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The silk proteins, fibroin and sericin, are produced in the silk gland of Bombyx mori, and hydrophilic sericin envelops fibroin with successive sticky layers in the formation of a cocoon. To study the biological functions of sericin, we focused on the serine-rich sericin peptide consisting of 38 amino acids, which is…
Abstract The melting behaviour of melt‐crystallized nylon 10,12 was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). The results show that all nylon 10,12 crystals obtained under various conditions, including isothermal, non‐isothermal and stepwise crystallization, and a…
Everyday, we are subjected to a powerful carcinogen as we go about our daily activities. Whenever we walk in the sun, ultraviolet light (UV) attacks our DNA, making chemical changes that corrupt our genetic information. Fortunately, the most dangerous UV light never reaches us at all: the ozone in the upper atmosphere…
Barnacle cement is an underwater adhesive that is used for permanent settlement, and is an insoluble protein complex. A method for rendering soluble the cement of Megabalanus rosa has been developed, and three major proteins have been identified in a previous study. To survey the M. rosa cement proteins in a lower mol…
A novel optical pH sensor for the physiological rangehas been developed by these authors. The fluorescence emitted (in a pH-independent manner) by dye-doped polymer nanobeads is modulated by a thin conductive polymer coating (see Figure), whose visible-light absorption strongly varies with pH at values around seven.
Scutched and hackled long flax fibres varying in retting degree, namely green, under-retted and normally retted flax, and elementary fibres were tested for their mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile tests were performed on individual fibres and on bundles. The thermal stability is evaluated with thermogravimetri…
A detailed analysis of the lipids of spider silk is given for the first time. Extracts of the silk from the golden orb weaver, Nephila clavipes, were studied by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and chemical derivatizations. The major group of the lipids consisted of methyl-branched 1-methoxyalkanes (methyl ether…
Electronically conducting polyanion and polycation based on poly(alkoxythiophene) derivatives, poly-3-(3'-thienyloxy)propanesulfonate (P3TOPS) and poly-3-(3'-thienyloxy)propyltriethylammonium (P3TOPA) have been synthesized. Both polymers are water-soluble and exhibit high conjugation length in solution and in the soli…
The reactions of M(O2CCH3)2·4H2O (M= Mn, Co) with di-2-pyridyl ketone, (py)2CO, and NaN3 in CH3OH or CH3OH/H2O allow isolation of the tetranuclear compounds [Mn4(μ1,1-N3)2(N3)2{(py)2C(OH)O}2{(py)2C(OCH3)O}2] (1) and [Co4(μ1,1-N3)2(N3)2{(py)2C(OH)O}2{(py)2C(OCH3)O}2]·2H2O (2). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals defecti…
The melt/solid polycondensation of L-lactic acid (LA) was successfully conducted using a binary catalyst system comprising tin dichloride hydrate and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TSA). First, a thermal oligocondensate of LA with a degree of polymerization of eight was mixed with the binary catalyst and subjected to melt po…
Different microstructures in SiC ceramics containing Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and CaO as sintering additives were prepared by hot‐pressing and subsequent annealing. The microstructures obtained were analyzed by image analysis. Crack deflection was frequently observed as the toughening mechanism in samples having elongated…
Textile materials are characterized by a distinct structural hierarchy, which should be represented by a model of textile geometry and its mechanical behavior. Despite extensive investigations of textile materials and a number of theoretical models existing in the textile literature for different structures, a general…
In this paper, we present a technique for analyzing dielectric response data in the frequency domain, /spl chi/(/spl omega/)=/spl epsiv/(/spl omega/)-/spl epsiv//sub /spl infin//=/spl epsiv/'(/spl omega/)-/spl epsiv//sub /spl infin//-i/spl epsiv/(/spl omega/). We use a predistribution of relaxation times and reconstru…
Abstract Ground rubber tire (GRT) is a particulate vulcanizate consisting mainly of rubber hydrocarbon and fillers. Rubber hydrocarbon of GRT (rGRT) has been used as a partial substitute for EPDM rubber in a dynamically vulcanized EPDM/acrylic‐modified HDPE (A‐HDPE) blend. The blends with higher rubber content show po…
Porous alumina ceramics with unidirectionally aligned continuous pores were fabricated via the slurry coating of fugitive fiber. Cotton thread was coated with ceramic slurry by pulling it through the slurry, and specimens were produced by spooling the coated thread. The obtained porous alumina ceramics had an average…
Nanocrystalline magnetite Fe3O4 films of about 180 nm thick have been deposited on Si(100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Zero-field-cooled magnetization shows clearly the Verwey transition near 120 K by an abrupt change, which is absent from the field-cooled magnetization. This is correlated to its hysteresis…
The saponin digitonin, the aglycone digitoxigenin and five cardiac glycosides were evaluated for cytotoxicity using primary cultures of tumor cells from patients and a human cell line panel (representing different cytotoxic drug-resistance patterns). Of these seven compounds, proscillaridin A was the most potent (IC(5…
Scutched and hackled long flax fibres varying in retting degree, namely green, under-retted and normally retted flax, and elementary fibres were tested for their mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile tests were performed on individual fibres and on bundles. The thermal stability is evaluated with thermogravimetri…
The mechanisms behind natural nanofabrication of highly structured silicas are increasingly being investigated. We have explored the use of a standard Nanoscope III Multimode atomic force microscope (AFM) to study the silica shell of diatoms. The delicate structures of the shell surface of the diatom Navicula pellicul…
We report the observation of stimulated emission and mirrorless lasing in pure cholesteric liquid crystals. The lasing action is attributed to the combination of the fluorescence and the distributed feedback that are due to the inherent periodic structure of the liquid crystal. If the reflection band matches the intri…