Materials Literature
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We study the nonlinear driven response and sliding friction behavior of the phase-field-crystal (PFC) model with pinning including both thermal fluctuations and inertial effects. The model provides a continuous description of adsorbed layers on a substrate under the action of an external driving force at finite temper…
Films of oxides doped with transition metals are frequently believed to have magnetic inclusions. Magnetic methods to determine the amount of nanophases and their magnetic characteristics are described. The amount of the sample that is paramagnetic may also be measured. Optical methods are described and shown to be ve…
Near room temperature, thin films of MnAs spontaneously align into two phases, one ferromagnetic and the other paramagnetic. These two phases take the intriguing form of nanoscale "wires." In this experiment, we investigate the spontaneous formation of ordered linear arrays of magnetite nanoparticles on MnAs thin film…
We have investigated the size effect in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films with a range of manganese (Mn) doping concentrations. We found that the dynamic size effect in the conventional Pt/PZT/Pt thin-film capacitors could be systematically reduced and almost completely eliminated by increasing Mn doping concen…
We systematically investigate the characteristics of an electrical oscillation observed in two-terminal vanadium dioxide (VO2) devices. These oscillations are observed at room temperature in a simple electrical circuit without inductive components. The circuit is composed only of a dc voltage source, the VO2 device, a…
The colloidal deposition method was used to prepare Au/Mg(OH)(2) (0.7 wt % gold) catalysts with gold particle sizes between 1.5 to 5 nm which exhibited very high activity for CO oxidation with specific rates higher than 3.7 mol(CO) x h(-1) x g(Au)(-1) even at temperatures as low as -89 degrees C.
The in-plane phonon thermal conductivities of argon and silicon thin films are predicted from the Boltzmann transport equation under the relaxation time approximation. We model the thin films using bulk phonon properties obtained from harmonic and anharmonic lattice dynamics calculations. The input required for the la…
Frequency-domain thermoreflectance is extended to the characterization of thin metals films on low thermal diffusivity substrates. We show how a single noncontact measurement can yield both the thickness and thermal conductivity of a thin metal film with high accuracy. Results are presented from measurements of gold a…
We have studied the effect of nonequilibrium longitudinal optical phonons on hot-electron spin relaxation in $n$-type GaAs quantum wells. The longitudinal optical phonons, due to the finite relaxation rate, are driven to nonequilibrium states by electrons under an in-plane electric field. The nonequilibrium phonons th…
A self-consistent model is developed for the surface and bulk states of thin Y_{1-y}Ca_yBa_2Cu_3O_{7-δ} (YCBCO) films. The dispersions of the chain and plane layers are modelled by tight-binding bands, and the electronic structure is then calculated for a finite-thickness film. The dopant atoms are treated within a vi…
Magnetic vortex dynamics in lithographically prepared nanodots is currently a subject of intensive research, particularly after recent demonstration that the vortex polarity can be controlled by in-plane magnetic field. This has stimulated the proposals of non-volatile vortex magnetic random access memories. In this w…
Recent measurements have shown that a continuously tunable bandgap of up to 250 meV can be generated in biased bilayer graphene [ Zhang , Y. ; et al. Nature 2009, 459 , 820 ], opening up pathway for possible graphene-based nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices operating at room temperature. Here, we show that the op…
The Debye temperature, Θ(D), of Fe(100-x)Cr(x) disordered alloys with 0 ≤ x ≤ 99.9 was determined from the temperature dependence of the centre shift of (57)Fe Mössbauer spectra recorded in the temperature range of 60-300 K. Its compositional dependence shows an interesting non-monotonous behaviour. For 0<x ≤ ∼ 45, as…
An experimental study of the physical origin and the mechanisms of the sharkskin instability is presented. Extrusion flows through a slit die are studied for two materials: a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and a low density polyethylene (LDPE). By combining laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) with rheological mea…
We report Gold/Silica biochips for low cost biosensor devices. Firstly, the study of biochemical interactions on silica by means of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is presented. Secondly, Gold/Silica biochips are employed to reduce the strong quenching that occurs when a fluorophore is close to the gold surface. Furth…
The band gap and optical properties (dielectric functions and optical constants) of Ge thin films with various thicknesses below 50 nm, which were synthesized with electron beam evaporation technique, have been determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The optical properties are wel…
The isostructural series of two-dimensional (2-D) fishnet-type network compounds, [{Ru(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(4)}(2)(TCNQR(x))] x n(solv) (R(x) = H(4), 1; Br(2), 2; Cl(2), 3; F(2), 4; F(4), 5), has been synthesized from the reactions of a paddlewheel diruthenium(II, II) complex, [Ru(2)(II,II)(O(2)CCF(3))(4)], and neutral TCNQ…
Using a full band description of electronic bandstructure, the Landauer approach to diffusive transport is mathematically related to the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation, and expressions for the thermoelectric parameters in both formalisms are presented. Quantum mechanical and semiclassical techniques to o…
We report a technique to characterize adhesion of monolayered/multilayered graphene sheets on silicon wafer. Nanoparticles trapped at graphene-silicon interface act as point wedges to support axisymmetric blisters. Local adhesion strength is found by measuring the particle height and blister radius using a scanning el…
Investigating behaviours of hydrogen in a tungsten grain boundary by first principles: from dissolution and diffusion to a trapping mechanism, Zhou, Hong-Bo, Liu, Yue-Lin, Jin, Shuo, Zhang, Ying, Luo, G.-N., Lu, Guang-Hong